init
This commit is contained in:
commit
f212aae139
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3
.envrc
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3
.envrc
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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
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||||||
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source_url "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cachix/devenv/95f329d49a8a5289d31e0982652f7058a189bfca/direnvrc" "sha256-d+8cBpDfDBj41inrADaJt+bDWhOktwslgoP5YiGJ1v0="
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
use devenv
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||||||
20
.gitignore
vendored
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20
.gitignore
vendored
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|
@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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||||||
|
# Devenv
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||||||
|
.devenv*
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||||||
|
devenv.local.nix
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# direnv
|
||||||
|
.direnv
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# pre-commit
|
||||||
|
.pre-commit-config.yaml
|
||||||
|
# Devenv
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||||||
|
.devenv*
|
||||||
|
devenv.local.nix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# direnv
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||||||
|
.direnv
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# pre-commit
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||||||
|
.pre-commit-config.yaml
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.jekyll-cache/
|
||||||
156
devenv.lock
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156
devenv.lock
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"nodes": {
|
||||||
|
"devenv": {
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"dir": "src/modules",
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1713968789,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "devenv",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "b26b52a4dac68bdc305f6b9df948c97f49b2c3ee",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "4a034bbd3511c196f4075a1eb0da1b422d1011db",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"dir": "src/modules",
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "devenv",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"flake-compat": {
|
||||||
|
"flake": false,
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1696426674,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "edolstra",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "flake-compat",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "0f9255e01c2351cc7d116c072cb317785dd33b33",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "2addb7b71a20a25ea74feeaf5c2f6a6b30898ecb",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "edolstra",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "flake-compat",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"flake-utils": {
|
||||||
|
"inputs": {
|
||||||
|
"systems": "systems"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1710146030,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "numtide",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "flake-utils",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "b1d9ab70662946ef0850d488da1c9019f3a9752a",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "bd263f021e345cb4a39d80c126ab650bebc3c10c",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "numtide",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "flake-utils",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"gitignore": {
|
||||||
|
"inputs": {
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs": [
|
||||||
|
"pre-commit-hooks",
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs"
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1709087332,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "hercules-ci",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "gitignore.nix",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "637db329424fd7e46cf4185293b9cc8c88c95394",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "ca14199cabdfe1a06a7b1654c76ed49100a689f9",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "hercules-ci",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "gitignore.nix",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs": {
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1713361204,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "devenv-nixpkgs",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "285676e87ad9f0ca23d8714a6ab61e7e027020c6",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "50354b35a3e0277d4a83a0a88fa0b0866b5f392f",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"ref": "rolling",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "devenv-nixpkgs",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs-stable": {
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1713995372,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "NixOS",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "nixpkgs",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "dd37924974b9202f8226ed5d74a252a9785aedf8",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "8114bf8e19ad8c67c0e2639b83c606c58c7bccec",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "NixOS",
|
||||||
|
"ref": "nixos-23.11",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "nixpkgs",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"pre-commit-hooks": {
|
||||||
|
"inputs": {
|
||||||
|
"flake-compat": "flake-compat",
|
||||||
|
"flake-utils": "flake-utils",
|
||||||
|
"gitignore": "gitignore",
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs": [
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs"
|
||||||
|
],
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs-stable": "nixpkgs-stable"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1713954846,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "pre-commit-hooks.nix",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "6fb82e44254d6a0ece014ec423cb62d92435336f",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "a456512c8da29752b79131f1e5b45053e2394078",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "cachix",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "pre-commit-hooks.nix",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"root": {
|
||||||
|
"inputs": {
|
||||||
|
"devenv": "devenv",
|
||||||
|
"nixpkgs": "nixpkgs",
|
||||||
|
"pre-commit-hooks": "pre-commit-hooks"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"systems": {
|
||||||
|
"locked": {
|
||||||
|
"lastModified": 1681028828,
|
||||||
|
"owner": "nix-systems",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "default",
|
||||||
|
"rev": "da67096a3b9bf56a91d16901293e51ba5b49a27e",
|
||||||
|
"treeHash": "cce81f2a0f0743b2eb61bc2eb6c7adbe2f2c6beb",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"original": {
|
||||||
|
"owner": "nix-systems",
|
||||||
|
"repo": "default",
|
||||||
|
"type": "github"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
},
|
||||||
|
"root": "root",
|
||||||
|
"version": 7
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
11
devenv.nix
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11
devenv.nix
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||||
|
{ pkgs, lib, config, inputs, ... }:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
let
|
||||||
|
gems = pkgs.bundlerEnv {
|
||||||
|
name = "blog-pim";
|
||||||
|
gemdir = ./src;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
in
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
packages = [ gems gems.wrappedRuby ];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
14
devenv.yaml
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14
devenv.yaml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||||
|
inputs:
|
||||||
|
nixpkgs:
|
||||||
|
url: github:cachix/devenv-nixpkgs/rolling
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# If you're using non-OSS software, you can set allowUnfree to true.
|
||||||
|
# allowUnfree: true
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# If you're willing to use a package that's vulnerable
|
||||||
|
# permittedInsecurePackages:
|
||||||
|
# - "openssl-1.1.1w"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# If you have more than one devenv you can merge them
|
||||||
|
#imports:
|
||||||
|
# - ./backend
|
||||||
15
flake.nix
Normal file
15
flake.nix
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
description = "A very basic flake";
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
inputs = {
|
||||||
|
nixpkgs.url = "github:nixos/nixpkgs?ref=nixos-unstable";
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
outputs = { self, nixpkgs }: {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
packages.x86_64-linux.hello = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.x86_64-linux.hello;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
packages.x86_64-linux.default = self.packages.x86_64-linux.hello;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
I"× {"source"=>"/home/pim/git/blog-pim/src", "destination"=>"/home/pim/git/blog-pim/src/_site", "collections_dir"=>"", "cache_dir"=>".jekyll-cache", "plugins_dir"=>"_plugins", "layouts_dir"=>"_layouts", "data_dir"=>"_data", "includes_dir"=>"_includes", "collections"=>{"posts"=>{"output"=>true, "permalink"=>"/:title/"}}, "safe"=>false, "include"=>["_redirects", ".htaccess"], "exclude"=>["CNAME", "Gemfile", "Gemfile.lock", "LICENSE", "CHANGELOG.md", "README.md", "node_modules", "CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md", "CONTRIBUTING.md", "lighthouse.png", "klise-*.gem", "klise.gemspec", "gemset.nix", ".sass-cache", ".jekyll-cache", "gemfiles", "vendor/bundle/", "vendor/cache/", "vendor/gems/", "vendor/ruby/"], "keep_files"=>[".git", ".svn"], "encoding"=>"utf-8", "markdown_ext"=>"markdown,mkdown,mkdn,mkd,md", "strict_front_matter"=>false, "show_drafts"=>nil, "limit_posts"=>0, "future"=>false, "unpublished"=>false, "whitelist"=>[], "plugins"=>["jekyll-feed", "jekyll-sitemap", "jekyll-postfiles", "jekyll-commonmark-ghpages"], "markdown"=>"CommonMarkGhPages", "highlighter"=>"rouge", "lsi"=>false, "excerpt_separator"=>"\n\n", "incremental"=>false, "detach"=>false, "port"=>"4000", "host"=>"127.0.0.1", "baseurl"=>"/", "show_dir_listing"=>false, "permalink"=>"/:title/", "paginate_path"=>"/page:num", "timezone"=>"Europe/Amsterdam", "quiet"=>false, "verbose"=>false, "defaults"=>[{"scope"=>{"path"=>""}, "values"=>{"layout"=>"post", "comments"=>false}}], "liquid"=>{"error_mode"=>"warn", "strict_filters"=>false, "strict_variables"=>false}, "kramdown"=>{"auto_ids"=>true, "toc_levels"=>[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], "entity_output"=>"as_char", "smart_quotes"=>"lsquo,rsquo,ldquo,rdquo", "input"=>"GFM", "hard_wrap"=>false, "guess_lang"=>true, "footnote_nr"=>1, "show_warnings"=>false, "syntax_highlighter"=>"rouge"}, "title"=>"Pim Kunis", "description"=>"A pig's gotta fly", "lang"=>"en-US", "image"=>"assets/img/avatar.jpg", "repo"=>"https://git.kun.is/pim/static", "mode"=>"light", "author"=>{"name"=>"Pim Kunis", "bio"=>"A pig's gotta fly", "username"=>"pim", "avatar"=>"/assets/img/avatar.jpg"}, "url"=>"http://localhost:4000", "jekyll_compose"=>{"post_default_front_matter"=>{"modified"=>nil, "tags"=>[], "description"=>nil}, "draft_default_front_matter"=>{"modified"=>nil, "tags"=>[], "description"=>nil}}, "number_of_posts"=>5, "sass"=>{"style"=>"compressed"}, "commonmark"=>{"options"=>["SMART", "FOOTNOTES"], "extensions"=>["strikethrough", "autolink", "table", "tagfilter"]}, "livereload_port"=>35729, "serving"=>true, "watch"=>true}:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
|
||||||
|
I"¥<p>Ever SSH’ed into a freshly installed server and gotten the following annoying message?</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host 'host.tld (1.2.3.4)' can't be established.
|
||||||
|
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:eUXGdm1YdsMAS7vkdx6dOJdOGHdem5gQp4tadCfdLB8.
|
||||||
|
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
|
||||||
|
I"GL<p>Recently, I deployed <a href="https://concourse-ci.org/">Concourse CI</a> because I wanted to get my feet wet with a CI/CD pipeline.
|
||||||
|
However, I had a practical use case lying around for a long time: automatically compiling my static website and deploying it to my docker Swarm.
|
||||||
|
This took some time getting right, but the result works like a charm (<a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/static">source code</a>).</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>It’s comforting to know I don’t have move a finger and my website is automatically deployed.
|
||||||
|
However, I would still like to receive some indication of what’s happening.
|
||||||
|
And what’s a better way to do that, than using my <a href="https://github.com/caronc/apprise">Apprise</a> service to keep me up to date.
|
||||||
|
There’s a little snag though: I could not find any Concourse resource that does this.
|
||||||
|
That’s when I decided to just create it myself.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="the-plagiarism-hunt">The Plagiarism Hunt</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>As any good computer person, I am lazy.
|
||||||
|
I’d rather just copy someone’s work, so that’s what I did.
|
||||||
|
I found <a href="https://github.com/mockersf/concourse-slack-notifier">this</a> GitHub repository that does the same thing but for Slack notifications.
|
||||||
|
For some reason it’s archived, but it seemed like it should work.
|
||||||
|
I actually noticed lots of repositories for Concourse resource types are archived, so not sure what’s going on there.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="getting-to-know-concourse">Getting to know Concourse</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Let’s first understand what we need to do reach our end goal of sending Apprise notifications from Concourse.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>A Concourse pipeline takes some inputs, performs some operations on them which result in some outputs.
|
||||||
|
These inputs and outputs are called <em>resources</em> in Concourse.
|
||||||
|
For example, a Git repository could be a resource.
|
||||||
|
Each resource is an instance of a <em>resource type</em>.
|
||||||
|
A resource type therefore is simply a blueprint that can create multiple resources.
|
||||||
|
To continue the example, a resource type could be “Git repository”.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>We therefore need to create our own resource type that can send Apprise notifications.
|
||||||
|
A resource type is simply a container that includes three scripts:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li><code>check</code>: check for a new version of a resource</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><code>in</code>: retrieve a version of the resource</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><code>out</code>: create a version of the resource</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<p>As Apprise notifications are basically fire-and-forget, we will only implement the <code>out</code> script.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="writing-the-codeoutcode-script">Writing the <code>out</code> script</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>The whole script can be found <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/branch/master/out">here</a>, but I will explain the most important bits of it.
|
||||||
|
Note that I only use Apprise’s persistent storage solution, and not its stateless solution.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Concourse provides us with the working directory, which we <code>cd</code> to:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">cd</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">1</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We create a timestamp, formatted in JSON, which we will use for the resource’s new version later.
|
||||||
|
Concourse requires us to set a version for the resource, but since Apprise notifications don’t have that, we use the timestamp:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv">timestamp</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-n</span> <span class="s2">"{version:{timestamp:</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">date</span> +%s<span class="si">)</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">}}"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>First some black magic Bash to redirect file descriptors.
|
||||||
|
Not sure why this is needed, but I copied it anyways.
|
||||||
|
After that, we create a temporary file holding resource’s parameters.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">exec </span>3>&1
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">exec </span>1>&2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">payload</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">mktemp</span> /tmp/resource-in.XXXXXX<span class="si">)</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <&0
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We then extract the individual parameters.
|
||||||
|
The <code>source</code> key contains values how the resource type was specified, while the <code>params</code> key specifies parameters for this specific resource.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv">apprise_host</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.source.host'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">apprise_key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.source.key'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">alert_body</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.params.body'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">alert_title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.params.title // null'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">alert_type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.params.type // null'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">alert_tag</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.params.tag // null'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">alert_format</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'.params.format // null'</span> < <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">payload</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We then format the different parameters using JSON:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv">alert_body</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"printf </span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_body</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-R</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> .<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_title</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="s2">"null"</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nv">alert_title</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"printf </span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_title</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-R</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> .<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_type</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="s2">"null"</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nv">alert_type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"printf </span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_type</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-R</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> .<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_tag</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="s2">"null"</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nv">alert_tag</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"printf </span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_tag</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-R</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> .<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="o">[</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_format</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="s2">"null"</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nv">alert_format</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"printf </span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_format</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="se">\"</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-R</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> .<span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Next, from the individual parameters we construct the final JSON message body we send to the Apprise endpoint.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv">body</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">cat</span> <span class="o"><<</span><span class="no">EOF</span><span class="sh">
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"body": </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_body</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="sh">,
|
||||||
|
"title": </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_title</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="sh">,
|
||||||
|
"type": </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_type</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="sh">,
|
||||||
|
"tag": </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_tag</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="sh">,
|
||||||
|
"format": </span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">alert_format</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="sh">
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
</span><span class="no">EOF
|
||||||
|
</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Before sending it just yet, we compact the JSON and remove any values that are <code>null</code>:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nv">compact_body</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">body</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="nt">-c</span> <span class="s1">'.'</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$compact_body</span><span class="s2">"</span> | jq <span class="s1">'del(..|nulls)'</span> <span class="o">></span> /tmp/compact_body.json
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Here is the most important line, where we send the payload to the Apprise endpoint.
|
||||||
|
It’s quite straight-forward.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>curl <span class="nt">-v</span> <span class="nt">-X</span> POST <span class="nt">-T</span> /tmp/compact_body.json <span class="nt">-H</span> <span class="s2">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">apprise_host</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">/notify/</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">apprise_key</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Finally, we print the timestamp (fake version) in order to appease the Concourse gods.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">timestamp</span><span class="k">}</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">></span>&3
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="building-the-container">Building the Container</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>As said earlier, to actually use this script, we need to add it to a image.
|
||||||
|
I won’t be explaining this whole process, but the source can be found <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/branch/master/pipeline.yml">here</a>.
|
||||||
|
The most important take-aways are these:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li>Use <code>concourse/oci-build-task</code> to build a image from a Dockerfile.</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Use <code>registry-image</code> to push the image to an image registry.</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="using-the-resource-type">Using the Resource Type</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Using our newly created resource type is surprisingly simple.
|
||||||
|
I use it for the blog you are reading right now and the pipeline definition can be found <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/static/src/branch/main/pipeline.yml">here</a>.
|
||||||
|
Here we specify the resource type in a Concourse pipeline:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">resource_types</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">apprise</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">registry-image</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">source</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">repository</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">tag</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">1.1.1"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We simply have to tell Concourse where to find the image, and which tag we want.
|
||||||
|
Next, we instantiate the resource type to create a resource:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">resources</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">apprise-notification</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">type</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">apprise</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">source</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">host</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">https://apprise.kun.is:444</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">key</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">concourse</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">icon</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">bell</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We simply specify the host to send Apprise notifications to.
|
||||||
|
Yeah, I even gave it a little bell because it’s cute.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>All that’s left to do, is actually send the notification.
|
||||||
|
Let’s see how that is done:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">deploy-static-website</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">plan</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">task</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">deploy-site</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">config</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">...</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">on_success</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="err"> </span><span class="na">put</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">apprise-notification</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na"> params</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="err"> </span> <span class="na">title</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">Static</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">website</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">deployed!"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="err"> </span> <span class="na">body</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">New</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">version:</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">$(cat</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">version/version)"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="err"> </span><span class="na">no_get</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="no">true</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>As can be seen, the Apprise notification can be triggered when a task is executed successfully.
|
||||||
|
We do this using the <code>put</code> command, which execute the <code>out</code> script underwater.
|
||||||
|
We set the notification’s title and body, and send it!
|
||||||
|
The result is seen below in my Ntfy app, which Apprise forwards the message to:
|
||||||
|
<img src="ntfy.png" alt="picture showing my Ntfy app with the Apprise notification" /></p>
|
||||||
|
<p>And to finish this off, here is what it looks like in the Concourse web UI:
|
||||||
|
<img src="pipeline.png" alt="the concourse web gui showing the pipeline of my static website including the the apprise notification resources" /></p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Concourse’s way of representing everything as an image/container is really interesting in my opinion.
|
||||||
|
A resource type is quite easily implemented as well, although Bash might not be the optimal way to do this.
|
||||||
|
I’ve seen some people implement it in Rust, which might be a good excuse to finally learn that language :)</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Apart from Apprise notifications, I’m planning on creating a resource type to deploy to a Docker swarm eventually.
|
||||||
|
This seems like a lot harder than simply sending notifications though.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
|
||||||
|
I"¸8<p>Ever SSH’ed into a freshly installed server and gotten the following annoying message?</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>The authenticity of host 'host.tld (1.2.3.4)' can't be established.
|
||||||
|
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:eUXGdm1YdsMAS7vkdx6dOJdOGHdem5gQp4tadCfdLB8.
|
||||||
|
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Or even more annoying:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
|
||||||
|
@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
|
||||||
|
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
|
||||||
|
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
|
||||||
|
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
|
||||||
|
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
|
||||||
|
The fingerprint for the ED25519 key sent by the remote host is
|
||||||
|
SHA256:eUXGdm1YdsMAS7vkdx6dOJdOGHdem5gQp4tadCfdLB8.
|
||||||
|
Please contact your system administrator.
|
||||||
|
Add correct host key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
|
||||||
|
Offending ED25519 key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:3
|
||||||
|
remove with:
|
||||||
|
ssh-keygen -f "/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts" -R "1.2.3.4"
|
||||||
|
ED25519 host key for 1.2.3.4 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
|
||||||
|
Host key verification failed.
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Could it be that the programmers at OpenSSH simply like to annoy us with these confusing messages?
|
||||||
|
Maybe, but these warnings also serve as a way to notify users of a potential Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.
|
||||||
|
I won’t go into the details of this problem, but I refer you to <a href="https://blog.g3rt.nl/ssh-host-key-validation-strict-yet-user-friendly.html">this excellent blog post</a>.
|
||||||
|
Instead, I would like to talk about ways to solve these annoying warnings.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>One obvious solution is simply to add each host to your <code>known_hosts</code> file.
|
||||||
|
This works okay when managing a handful of servers, but becomes unbearable when managing many servers.
|
||||||
|
In my case, I wanted to quickly spin up virtual machines using Duncan Mac-Vicar’s <a href="https://registry.terraform.io/providers/dmacvicar/libvirt/latest/docs">Terraform Libvirt provider</a>, without having to accept their host key before connecting.
|
||||||
|
The solution? Issuing SSH host certificates using an SSH certificate authority.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="ssh-certificate-authorities-vs-the-web">SSH Certificate Authorities vs. the Web</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>The idea of an SSH certificate authority (CA) is quite easy to grasp, if you understand the web’s Public Key Infrastructure (PKI).
|
||||||
|
Just like with the web, a trusted party can issue certificates that are offered when establishing a connection.
|
||||||
|
The idea is, just by trusting the trusted party, you trust every certificate they issue.
|
||||||
|
In the case of the web’s PKI, this trusted party is bundled and trusted by <a href="https://wiki.mozilla.org/CA">your browser</a> or operating system.
|
||||||
|
However, in the case of SSH, the trusted party is you! (Okay you can also trust your own web certificate authority)
|
||||||
|
With this great power, comes great responsibility which we will abuse heavily in this article.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="ssh-certificate-authority-for-terraform">SSH Certificate Authority for Terraform</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>So, let’s start with a plan.
|
||||||
|
I want to spawn virtual machines with Terraform which which are automatically provisioned with a SSH host certificate issued by my CA.
|
||||||
|
This CA will be another host on my private network, issuing certificates over SSH.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h3 id="fetching-the-ssh-host-certificate">Fetching the SSH Host Certificate</h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>First we generate an SSH key pair in Terraform.
|
||||||
|
Below is the code for that:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-terraform highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">resource</span> <span class="s2">"tls_private_key"</span> <span class="s2">"debian"</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">algorithm</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">"ED25519"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="k">data</span> <span class="s2">"tls_public_key"</span> <span class="s2">"debian"</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">private_key_pem</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nx">tls_private_key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">debian</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">private_key_pem</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Now that we have an SSH key pair, we need to somehow make Terraform communicate this with the CA.
|
||||||
|
Lucky for us, there is a way for Terraform to execute an arbitrary command with the <code>external</code> data feature.
|
||||||
|
We call this script below:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-terraform highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">data</span> <span class="s2">"external"</span> <span class="s2">"cert"</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">program</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"bash"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nx">path</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="k">module}</span><span class="s2">/get_cert.sh"</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">query</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">pubkey</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="nx">trimspace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">tls_public_key</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">debian</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">public_key_openssh</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">host</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kd">var</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">name</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">cahost</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kd">var</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">ca_host</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">cascript</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kd">var</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">ca_script</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">cakey</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="kd">var</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">ca_key</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>These query parameters will end up in the script’s stdin in JSON format.
|
||||||
|
We can then read these parameters, and send them to the CA over SSH.
|
||||||
|
The result must as well be in JSON format.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">set</span> <span class="nt">-euo</span> pipefail
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">IFS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">$'</span><span class="se">\n\t</span><span class="s1">'</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="c"># Read the query parameters</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">eval</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">$(</span>jq <span class="nt">-r</span> <span class="s1">'@sh "PUBKEY=\(.pubkey) HOST=\(.host) CAHOST=\(.cahost) CASCRIPT=\(.cascript) CAKEY=\(.cakey)"'</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="c"># Fetch certificate from the CA</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="c"># Warning: extremely ugly code that I am to lazy to fix</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">CERT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="si">$(</span>ssh <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="nv">ConnectTimeout</span><span class="o">=</span>3 <span class="nt">-o</span> <span class="nv">ConnectionAttempts</span><span class="o">=</span>1 root@<span class="nv">$CAHOST</span> <span class="s1">'"'</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$CASCRIPT</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="s1">'" host "'</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$CAKEY</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="s1">'" "'</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PUBKEY</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="s1">'" "'</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="s1">'".dmz'</span><span class="si">)</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
jq <span class="nt">-n</span> <span class="nt">--arg</span> cert <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$CERT</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="s1">'{"cert":$cert}'</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>We see that a script is called on the remote host that issues the certificate.
|
||||||
|
This is just a simple wrapper around <code>ssh-keygen</code>, which you can see below.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c">#!/bin/bash</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">set</span> <span class="nt">-euo</span> pipefail
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">IFS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">$'</span><span class="se">\n\t</span><span class="s1">'</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
host<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">CAKEY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$2</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">PUBKEY</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$3</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">HOST</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$4</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$PUBKEY</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">></span> /root/ca/<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span>.pub
|
||||||
|
ssh-keygen <span class="nt">-h</span> <span class="nt">-s</span> /root/ca/keys/<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$CAKEY</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="nt">-I</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="nt">-n</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span> /root/ca/<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span>.pub
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">cat</span> /root/ca/<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="nt">-cert</span>.pub
|
||||||
|
<span class="nb">rm</span> /root/ca/<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$HOST</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="k">*</span>.pub
|
||||||
|
<span class="o">}</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$1</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="nv">$@</span><span class="s2">"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<h3 id="appeasing-the-terraform-gods">Appeasing the Terraform Gods</h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>So nice, we can fetch the SSH host certificate from the CA.
|
||||||
|
We should just be able to use it right?
|
||||||
|
We can, but it brings a big annoyance with it: Terraform will fetch a new certificate every time it is run.
|
||||||
|
This is because the <code>external</code> feature of Terraform is a data source.
|
||||||
|
If we were to use this data source for a Terraform resource, it would need to be updated every time we run Terraform.
|
||||||
|
I have not been able to find a way to avoid fetching the certificate every time, except for writing my own resource provider which I’d rather not.
|
||||||
|
I have, however, found a way to hack around the issue.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>The idea is as follows: we can use Terraform’s <code>ignore_changes</code> to, well, ignore any changes of a resource.
|
||||||
|
Unfortunately, we cannot use this for a <code>data</code> source, so we must create a glue <code>null_resource</code> that supports <code>ignore_changes</code>.
|
||||||
|
This is shown in the code snipppet below.
|
||||||
|
We use the <code>triggers</code> property simply to copy the certificate in; we don’t use it for it’s original purpose.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-terraform highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">resource</span> <span class="s2">"null_resource"</span> <span class="s2">"cert"</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">triggers</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">cert</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="k">data</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">external</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">cert</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">result</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"cert"</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">lifecycle</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">ignore_changes</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">triggers</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>And voilà , we can now use <code>null_resource.cert.triggers["cert"]</code> as our certificate, that won’t trigger replacements in Terraform.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h3 id="setting-the-host-certificate-with-cloud-init">Setting the Host Certificate with Cloud-Init</h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>Terraform’s Libvirt provider has native support for Cloud-Init, which is very handy.
|
||||||
|
We can give the host certificate directly to Cloud-Init and place it on the virtual machine.
|
||||||
|
Inside the Cloud-Init configuration, we can set the <code>ssh_keys</code> property to do this:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">ssh_keys</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">ed25519_private</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="pi">|</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="s">${indent(4, private_key)}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">ed25519_certificate</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">${host_cert}"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>I hardcoded this to ED25519 keys, because this is all I use.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This works perfectly, and I never have to accept host certificates from virtual machines again.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h3 id="caveats">Caveats</h3>
|
||||||
|
<p>A sharp eye might have noticed the lifecycle of these host certificates is severely lacking.
|
||||||
|
Namely, the deployed host certificates have no expiration date nore is there revocation function.
|
||||||
|
There are ways to implement these, but for my home lab I did not deem this necessary at this point.
|
||||||
|
In a more professional environment, I would suggest using <a href="https://www.vaultproject.io/">Hashicorp’s Vault</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This project did teach me about the limits and flexibility of Terraform, so all in all a success!
|
||||||
|
All code can be found on the git repository <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules/src/branch/master/debian">here</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
|
||||||
|
I"¶<p>For months, I’ve had a peculiar problem with my laptop: once in a while, seemingly without reason, my laptop screen would freeze.
|
||||||
|
This only happened on my laptop screen, and not on an external monitor.
|
||||||
|
I had kind of learned to live with it as I couldn’t find a solution online.
|
||||||
|
The only remedy I had was reloading my window manager, which would often unfreeze the screen.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Yesterday I tried Googling once more and I actually found <a href="https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=246841">a thread</a> about it on the Arch Linux forums!
|
||||||
|
They talk about the same laptop model, the Lenovo ThinkPad x260, having the problem.
|
||||||
|
Fortunately, they also propose <a href="https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1888932#p1888932">a temporary fix</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="trying-the-fix">Trying the Fix</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Apparently, a problem with the Panel Self Refresh (PSR) feature of Intel iGPUs is the culprit.
|
||||||
|
According to the <a href="https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/45a3e24f65e90a047bef86f927ebdc4c710edaa1/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_psr.c#L42">Linux source code</a>, PSR enables the display to go into a lower standby mode when the sytem is idle but the screen is in use.
|
||||||
|
These lower standby modes can reduce power usage of your device when idling.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This all seems useful, except when it makes your screen freeze!
|
||||||
|
The proposed fix disables the PSR feature entirely.
|
||||||
|
To do this, we need to change a parameter to the Intel Graphics Linux Kernel Module (LKM).
|
||||||
|
The LKM for Intel Graphics is called <code>i915</code>.
|
||||||
|
There are <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Kernel_parameters">multiple ways</a> to change kernel parameters, but I chose to edit my Grub configuration.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>First, I wanted to test whether it actually works.
|
||||||
|
When booting into my Linux partition via Grub, you can press <code>e</code> to edit the Grub definition.
|
||||||
|
Somewhere there, you can find the <code>linux</code> command which specifies to boot Linux and how to do that.
|
||||||
|
I simply appended the option <code>i915.enable_psr=0</code> to this line.
|
||||||
|
After rebooting, I noticed my screen no longer freezes!
|
||||||
|
Success!</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="persisting-the-fix">Persisting the Fix</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>To make the change permanent, we need to permanently change Grub’s configuration.
|
||||||
|
One way to do this, is by changing Grub’s defaults in <code>/etc/default/grub</code>.
|
||||||
|
Namely, the <code>GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</code> option specifies what options Grub should pass to the Linux kernel by default.
|
||||||
|
For me, this is a nice solution as the problem exists for both Linux OSes I have installed.
|
||||||
|
I changed this option to:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-ini highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="py">GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT</span><span class="p">=</span><span class="s">"quiet splash i915.enable_psr=0"</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Next, I wanted to automate this solution using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
This turned out to be quite easy, as the Grub configuration looks a bit like an ini file (maybe it is?):</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">Edit grub to disable Panel Self Refresh</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">become</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="no">true</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">ini_file</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">path</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">/etc/default/grub</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">section</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="no">null</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">option</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">value</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">"quiet</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">splash</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">i915.enable_psr=0"'</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">no_extra_spaces</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="no">true</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">notify</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">update grub</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Lastly, I created the <code>notify</code> hook to update the Grub configuration:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="pi">-</span> <span class="na">name</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">update grub</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">become</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="no">true</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">command</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="na">cmd</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">update-grub</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="update-just-use-nix">Update: Just use Nix</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Lately, I have been learning a bit of NixOS with the intention of replacing my current setup.
|
||||||
|
Compared to Ansible, applying this fix is a breeze on NixOS:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-nix highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nv">boot</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nv">kernelParams</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span> <span class="s2">"i915.enable_psr=0"</span> <span class="p">];</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>That’s it, yep.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>It turned out to be quite easy to change Linux kernel parameters using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
Maybe some kernel gurus have better ways to change parameters, but this works for me for now.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>As a sidenote, I started reading a bit more about NixOS and realised that it can solve issues like these much more nicely than Ansible does.
|
||||||
|
I might replace my OS with NixOS some day, if I manage to rewrite my Ansible for it.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
|
||||||
|
I"GG<p>I have been meaning to write about the current state of my home lab infrastructure for a while now.
|
||||||
|
Now that the most important parts are quite stable, I think the opportunity is ripe.
|
||||||
|
I expect this post to get quite long, so I might have to leave out some details along the way.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This post will be a starting point for future infrastructure snapshots which I can hopefully put out periodically.
|
||||||
|
That is, if there is enough worth talking about.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Keep an eye out for the <i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i> icon, which links to the source code and configuration of anything mentioned.
|
||||||
|
Oh yeah, did I mention everything I do is open source?</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="networking-and-infrastructure-overview">Networking and Infrastructure Overview</h1>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="hardware-and-operating-systems">Hardware and Operating Systems</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Let’s start with the basics: what kind of hardware do I use for my home lab?
|
||||||
|
The most important servers are my three <a href="https://www.gigabyte.com/Mini-PcBarebone/GB-BLCE-4105-rev-10">Gigabyte Brix GB-BLCE-4105</a>.
|
||||||
|
Two of them have 16 GB of memory, and one 8 GB.
|
||||||
|
I named these servers as follows:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li><strong>Atlas</strong>: because this server was going to “lift” a lot of virtual machines.</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><strong>Lewis</strong>: we started out with a “Max” server named after the Formula 1 driver Max Verstappen, but it kind of became an unmanagable behemoth without infrastructure-as-code. Our second server we subsequently named Lewis after his colleague Lewis Hamilton. Note: people around me vetoed these names and I am no F1 fan!</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><strong>Jefke</strong>: it’s a funny Belgian name. That’s all.</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<p>Here is a picture of them sitting in their cosy closet:</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><img src="servers.jpeg" alt="A picture of my servers." /></p>
|
||||||
|
<p>If you look look to the left, you will also see a Raspberry pi 4B.
|
||||||
|
I use this Pi to do some rudimentary monitoring whether servers and services are running.
|
||||||
|
More on this in the relevant section below.
|
||||||
|
The Pi is called <strong>Iris</strong> because it’s a messenger for the other servers.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I used to run Ubuntu on these systems, but I have since migrated away to Debian.
|
||||||
|
The main reasons were Canonical <a href="https://askubuntu.com/questions/1434512/how-to-get-rid-of-ubuntu-pro-advertisement-when-updating-apt">putting advertisements in my terminal</a> and pushing Snap which has a <a href="https://hackaday.com/2020/06/24/whats-the-deal-with-snap-packages/">proprietry backend</a>.
|
||||||
|
Two of my servers run the newly released Debian Bookworm, while one still runs Debian Bullseye.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="networking">Networking</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>For networking, I wanted hypervisors and virtual machines separated by VLANs for security reasons.
|
||||||
|
The following picture shows a simplified view of the VLANs present in my home lab:</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><img src="vlans.png" alt="Picture showing the VLANS in my home lab." /></p>
|
||||||
|
<p>All virtual machines are connected to a virtual bridge which tags network traffic with the DMZ VLAN.
|
||||||
|
The hypervisors VLAN is used for traffic to and from the hypervisors.
|
||||||
|
Devices from the hypervisors VLAN are allowed to connect to devices in the DMZ, but not vice versa.
|
||||||
|
The hypervisors are connected to a switch using a trunk link, allows both DMZ and hypervisors traffic.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I realised the above design using ifupdown.
|
||||||
|
Below is the configuration for each hypervisor, which creates a new <code>enp3s0.30</code> interface with all DMZ traffic from the <code>enp3s0</code> interface <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/hypervisors/src/commit/71b96d462116e4160b6467533fc476f3deb9c306/ansible/dmz.conf.j2"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>auto enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
iface enp3s0.30 inet manual
|
||||||
|
iface enp3s0.30 inet6 auto
|
||||||
|
accept_ra 0
|
||||||
|
dhcp 0
|
||||||
|
request_prefix 0
|
||||||
|
privext 0
|
||||||
|
pre-up sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/enp3s0.30/disable_ipv6=1
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>This configuration seems more complex than it actually is.
|
||||||
|
Most of it is to make sure the interface is not assigned an IPv4/6 address on the hypervisor host.
|
||||||
|
The magic <code>.30</code> at the end of the interface name makes this interface tagged with VLAN ID 30 (DMZ for me).</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Now that we have an interface tagged for the DMZ VLAN, we can create a bridge where future virtual machines can connect to:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>auto dmzbr
|
||||||
|
iface dmzbr inet manual
|
||||||
|
bridge_ports enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
bridge_stp off
|
||||||
|
iface dmzbr inet6 auto
|
||||||
|
accept_ra 0
|
||||||
|
dhcp 0
|
||||||
|
request_prefix 0
|
||||||
|
privext 0
|
||||||
|
pre-up sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/dmzbr/disable_ipv6=1
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Just like the previous config, this is quite bloated because I don’t want the interface to be assigned an IP address on the host.
|
||||||
|
Most importantly, the <code>bridge_ports enp3s0.30</code> line here makes this interface a virtual bridge for the <code>enp3s0.30</code> interface.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>And voilà, we now have a virtual bridge on each machine, where only DMZ traffic will flow.
|
||||||
|
Here I verify whether this configuration works:</p>
|
||||||
|
<details>
|
||||||
|
<summary>Show</summary>
|
||||||
|
<p>We can see that the two virtual interfaces are created, and are only assigned a MAC address and not a IP address:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>root@atlas:~# ip a show enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
4: enp3s0.30@enp3s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master dmzbr state UP group default qlen 1000
|
||||||
|
link/ether d8:5e:d3:4c:70:38 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
||||||
|
5: dmzbr: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
|
||||||
|
link/ether 4e:f7:1f:0f:ad:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Pinging a VM from a hypervisor works:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>root@atlas:~# ping -c1 maestro.dmz
|
||||||
|
PING maestro.dmz (192.168.30.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
||||||
|
64 bytes from 192.168.30.8 (192.168.30.8): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.457 ms
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Pinging a hypervisor from a VM does not work:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>root@maestro:~# ping -c1 atlas.hyp
|
||||||
|
PING atlas.hyp (192.168.40.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--- atlas.hyp ping statistics ---
|
||||||
|
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
</details>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="dns-and-dhcp">DNS and DHCP</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>Now that we have a working DMZ network, let’s build on it to get DNS and DHCP working.
|
||||||
|
This will enable new virtual machines to obtain a static or dynamic IP address and register their host in DNS.
|
||||||
|
This has actually been incredibly annoying due to our friend <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation?useskin=vector">Network address translation (NAT)</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<details>
|
||||||
|
<summary>NAT recap</summary>
|
||||||
|
<p>Network address translation (NAT) is a function of a router which allows multiple hosts to share a single IP address.
|
||||||
|
This is needed for IPv4, because IPv4 addresses are scarce and usually one household is only assigned a single IPv4 address.
|
||||||
|
This is one of the problems IPv6 attempts to solve (mainly by having so many IP addresses that they should never run out).
|
||||||
|
To solve the problem for IPv4, each host in a network is assigned a private IPv4 address, which can be reused for every network.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Then, the router must perform address translation.
|
||||||
|
It does this by keeping track of ports opened by hosts in its private network.
|
||||||
|
If a packet from the internet arrives at the router for such a port, it forwards this packet to the correct host.</p>
|
||||||
|
</details>
|
||||||
|
<p>I would like to host my own DNS on a virtual machine (called <strong>hermes</strong>, more on VMs later) in the DMZ network.
|
||||||
|
This basically gives two problems:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ol>
|
||||||
|
<li>The upstream DNS server will refer to the public internet-accessible IP address of our DNS server.
|
||||||
|
This IP-address has no meaning inside the private network due to NAT and the router will reject the packet.</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Our DNS resolves hosts to their public internet-accessible IP address.
|
||||||
|
This is similar to the previous problem as the public IP address has no meaning.</li>
|
||||||
|
</ol>
|
||||||
|
<p>The first problem can be remediated by overriding the location of the DNS server for hosts inside the DMZ network.
|
||||||
|
This can be achieved on my router, which uses Unbound as its recursive DNS server:</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><img src="unbound_overrides.png" alt="Unbound overides for kun.is and dmz domains." /></p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Any DNS requests to Unbound to domains in either <code>dmz</code> or <code>kun.is</code> will now be forwarded <code>192.168.30.7</code> (port 5353).
|
||||||
|
This is the virtual machine hosting my DNS.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>The second problem can be solved at the DNS server.
|
||||||
|
We need to do some magic overriding, which <a href="https://dnsmasq.org/docs/dnsmasq-man.html">dnsmasq</a> is perfect for <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/commit/488024a7725f2325b8992e7a386b4630023f1b52/ansible/roles/dnsmasq/files/dnsmasq.conf"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-conf highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">alias</span>=<span class="m">84</span>.<span class="m">245</span>.<span class="m">14</span>.<span class="m">149</span>,<span class="m">192</span>.<span class="m">168</span>.<span class="m">30</span>.<span class="m">8</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">server</span>=/<span class="n">kun</span>.<span class="n">is</span>/<span class="m">192</span>.<span class="m">168</span>.<span class="m">30</span>.<span class="m">7</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>This always overrides the public IPv4 address to the private one.
|
||||||
|
It also overrides the DNS server for <code>kun.is</code> to <code>192.168.30.7</code>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Finally, behind the dnsmasq server, I run <a href="https://www.powerdns.com/">Powerdns</a> as authoritative DNS server <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/branch/master/ansible/roles/powerdns"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>.
|
||||||
|
I like this DNS server because I can manage it with Terraform <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/commit/488024a7725f2325b8992e7a386b4630023f1b52/terraform/dns/kun_is.tf"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Here is a small diagram showing my setup (my networking teacher would probably kill me for this):
|
||||||
|
<img src="nat.png" alt="Shitty diagram showing my DNS setup." /></p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="virtualization">Virtualization</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p><a href="https://github.com/containrrr/shepherd">https://github.com/containrrr/shepherd</a>
|
||||||
|
Now that we have laid out the basic networking, let’s talk virtualization.
|
||||||
|
Each of my servers are configured to run KVM virtual machines, orchestrated using Libvirt.
|
||||||
|
Configuration of the physical hypervisor servers, including KVM/Libvirt is done using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
The VMs are spun up using Terraform and the <a href="https://registry.terraform.io/providers/dmacvicar/libvirt/latest/docs">dmacvicar/libvirt</a> Terraform provider.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>This all isn’t too exciting, except that I created a Terraform module that abstracts the Terraform Libvirt provider for my specific scenario <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules/src/commit/e77d62f4a2a0c3847ffef4434c50a0f40f1fa794/debian/main.tf"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-terraform highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">module</span> <span class="s2">"maestro"</span> <span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">source</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">"git::https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules.git//debian"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">name</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">"maestro"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">domain_name</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">"tf-maestro"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">memory</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="mi">10240</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nx">mac</span> <span class="p">=</span> <span class="s2">"CA:FE:C0:FF:EE:08"</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>This automatically creates a Debian virtual machines with the properties specified.
|
||||||
|
It also sets up certificate-based SSH authentication which I talked about <a href="/homebrew-ssh-ca/">before</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="clustering">Clustering</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>With virtualization explained, let’s move up one level further.
|
||||||
|
Each of my three physical servers hosts a virtual machine running Docker, which together form a Docker Swarm.
|
||||||
|
I use Traefik as a reverse proxy which routes requests to the correct container.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>All data is hosted on a single machine and made available to containers using NFS.
|
||||||
|
This might not be very secure (as NFS is not encrypted and no proper authentication), it is quite fast.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>As of today, I host the following services on my Docker Swarm <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/shoarma"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://forgejo.org/">Forgejo</a> as Git server</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://www.freshrss.org/">FreshRSS</a> as RSS aggregator</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://hedgedoc.org/">Hedgedoc</a> as Markdown note-taking</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://hedgedoc.org/">Inbucket</a> for disposable email</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://cyberchef.org/">Cyberchef</a> for the lulz</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://kitchenowl.org/">Kitchenowl</a> for grocery lists</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://joinmastodon.org/">Mastodon</a> for microblogging</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>A monitoring stack (read more below)</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://nextcloud.com/">Nextcloud</a> for cloud storage</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://pi-hole.net/">Pihole</a> to block advertisements</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://radicale.org/v3.html">Radicale</a> for calendar and contacts sync</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://www.seafile.com/en/home/">Seafile</a> for cloud storage and sync</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://github.com/containrrr/shepherd">Shephard</a> for automatic container updates</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://nginx.org/en/">Nginx</a> hosting static content (like this page!)</li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/charypar/swarm-dashboard/#!">Docker Swarm dashboard</a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li><a href="https://syncthing.net/">Syncthing</a> for file sync</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="ci--cd">CI / CD</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>For CI / CD, I run <a href="https://concourse-ci.org/">Concourse CI</a> in a separate VM.
|
||||||
|
This is needed, because Concourse heavily uses containers to create reproducible builds.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Although I should probably use it for more, I currently use my Concourse for three pipelines:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li>A pipeline to build this static website and create a container image of it.
|
||||||
|
The image is then uploaded to the image registry of my Forgejo instance.
|
||||||
|
I love it when I can use stuff I previously built :)
|
||||||
|
The pipeline finally deploys this new image to the Docker Swarm <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/static/src/commit/eee4f0c70af6f2a49fabb730df761baa6475db22/pipeline.yml"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>.</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>A pipeline to create a Concourse resource that sends Apprise alerts (Concourse-ception?) <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/commit/b5d4413c1cd432bc856c45ec497a358aca1b8b21/pipeline.yml"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a></li>
|
||||||
|
<li>A pipeline to build a custom Fluentd image with plugins installed <a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/fluentd"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a></li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="backups">Backups</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>To create backups, I use <a href="https://www.borgbackup.org/">Borg</a>.
|
||||||
|
As I keep all data on one machine, this backup process is quite simple.
|
||||||
|
In fact, all this data is stored in a single Libvirt volume.
|
||||||
|
To configure Borg with a simple declarative script, I use <a href="https://torsion.org/borgmatic/">Borgmatic</a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>In order to back up the data inside the Libvirt volume, I create a snapshot to a file.
|
||||||
|
Then I can mount this snapshot in my file system.
|
||||||
|
The files can then be backed up while the system is still running.
|
||||||
|
It is also possible to simply back up the Libvirt image, but this takes more time and storage <a href="https://git.kun.is/home/hypervisors/src/commit/71b96d462116e4160b6467533fc476f3deb9c306/ansible/roles/borg/backup.yml.j2"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i></a>.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="monitoring-and-alerting">Monitoring and Alerting</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>The last topic I would like to talk about is monitoring and alerting.
|
||||||
|
This is something I’m still actively improving and only just set up properly.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="alerting">Alerting</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>For alerting, I wanted something that runs entirely on my own infrastructure.
|
||||||
|
I settled for Apprise + Ntfy.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p><a href="https://github.com/caronc/apprise">Apprise</a> is a server that is able to send notifications to dozens of services.
|
||||||
|
For application developers, it is thus only necessary to implement the Apprise API to gain access to all these services.
|
||||||
|
The Apprise API itself is also very simple.
|
||||||
|
By using Apprise, I can also easily switch to another notification service later.
|
||||||
|
<a href="https://ntfy.sh/">Ntfy</a> is free software made for mobile push notifications.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I use this alerting system in quite a lot of places in my infrastructure, for example when creating backups.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="uptime-monitoring">Uptime Monitoring</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>The first monitoring setup I created, was using <a href="https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma">Uptime Kuma</a>.
|
||||||
|
Uptime Kuma periodically pings a service to see whether it is still running.
|
||||||
|
You can do a literal ping, test HTTP response codes, check database connectivity and much more.
|
||||||
|
I use it to check whether my services and VMs are online.
|
||||||
|
And the best part is, Uptime Kuma supports Apprise so I get push notifications on my phone whenever something goes down!</p>
|
||||||
|
<h2 id="metrics-and-log-monitoring">Metrics and Log Monitoring</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p>A new monitoring system I am still in the process of deploying is focused on metrics and logs.
|
||||||
|
I plan on creating a separate blog post about this, so keep an eye out on that (for example using RSS :)).
|
||||||
|
Safe to say, it is no basic ELK stack!</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>That’s it for now!
|
||||||
|
Hopefully I inspired someone to build something… or how not to :)</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
I"U<p><em>See the <a href="#update">Update</a> at the end of the article.</em></p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
|
||||||
|
I"f<p><a href="https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">BorgBackup</a> and <a href="https://torsion.org/borgmatic/">Borgmatic</a> have been my go-to tools to create backups for my home lab since I started creating backups.
|
||||||
|
Using <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/systemd/Timers">Systemd Timers</a>, I regularly create a backup every night.
|
||||||
|
I also monitor successful execution of the backup process, in case some error occurs.
|
||||||
|
However, the way I set this up resulted in not receiving notifications.
|
||||||
|
Even though it boils down to RTFM, I’d like to explain my error and how to handle errors correctly.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
|
||||||
|
I"1<p>When I was scaling up my home lab, I started thinking more about data management.
|
||||||
|
I hadn’t (and still haven’t) set up any form of network storage.
|
||||||
|
I have, however, set up a backup mechanism using <a href="https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">Borg</a>.
|
||||||
|
Still, I want to operate lots of virtual machines, and backing up each one of them separately seemed excessive.
|
||||||
|
So I started thinking, what if I just let the host machines back up the data?
|
||||||
|
After all, the amount of physical hosts I have in my home lab is unlikely to increase drastically.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
I" <p>I have been meaning to write about the current state of my home lab infrastructure for a while now.
|
||||||
|
Now that the most important parts are quite stable, I think the opportunity is ripe.
|
||||||
|
I expect this post to get quite long, so I might have to leave out some details along the way.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
|
||||||
|
I"Û<p>Previously, I have used <a href="https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter">Prometheus’ node_exporter</a> to monitor the memory usage of my servers.
|
||||||
|
However, I am currently in the process of moving away from Prometheus to a new Monioring stack.
|
||||||
|
While I understand the advantages, I felt like Prometheus’ pull architecture does not scale nicely.
|
||||||
|
Everytime I spin up a new machine, I would have to centrally change Prometheus’ configuration in order for it to query the new server.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>In order to collect metrics from my servers, I am now using <a href="https://fluentbit.io/">Fluent Bit</a>.
|
||||||
|
I love Fluent Bit’s way of configuration which I can easily express as code and automate, its focus on effiency and being vendor agnostic.
|
||||||
|
However, I have stumbled upon one, in my opinion, big issue with Fluent Bit: its <code>mem</code> plugin to monitor memory usage is <em>completely</em> useless.
|
||||||
|
In this post I will go over the problem and my temporary solution.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="the-problem-with-fluent-bits-codememcode-plugin">The Problem with Fluent Bit’s <code>mem</code> Plugin</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>As can be seen in <a href="https://docs.fluentbit.io/manual/pipeline/inputs/memory-metrics">the documentation</a>, Fluent Bit’s <code>mem</code> input plugin exposes a few metrics regarding memory usage which should be self-explaining: <code>Mem.total</code>, <code>Mem.used</code>, <code>Mem.free</code>, <code>Swap.total</code>, <code>Swap.used</code> and <code>Swap.free</code>.
|
||||||
|
The problem is that <code>Mem.used</code> and <code>Mem.free</code> do not accurately reflect the machine’s actual memory usage.
|
||||||
|
This is because these metrics include caches and buffers, which can be reclaimed by other processes if needed.
|
||||||
|
Most tools reporting memory usage therefore include an additional metric that specifices the memory <em>available</em> on the system.
|
||||||
|
For example, the command <code>free -m</code> reports the following data on my laptop:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> total used free shared buff/cache available
|
||||||
|
Mem: 15864 3728 7334 518 5647 12136
|
||||||
|
Swap: 2383 663 1720
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Notice that the <code>available</code> memory is more than <code>free</code> memory.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>While the issue is known (see <a href="https://github.com/fluent/fluent-bit/pull/3092">this</a> and <a href="https://github.com/fluent/fluent-bit/pull/5237">this</a> link), it is unfortunately not yet fixed.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="a-temporary-solution">A Temporary Solution</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>The issues I linked previously provide stand-alone plugins that fix the problem, which will hopefully be merged in the official project at some point.
|
||||||
|
However, I didn’t want to install another plugin so I used Fluent Bit’s <code>exec</code> input plugin and the <code>free</code> Linux command to query memory usage like so:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-conf highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[<span class="n">INPUT</span>]
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Name</span> <span class="n">exec</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Tag</span> <span class="n">memory</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Command</span> <span class="n">free</span> -<span class="n">m</span> | <span class="n">tail</span> -<span class="m">2</span> | <span class="n">tr</span> <span class="s1">'\n'</span> <span class="s1">' '</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Interval_Sec</span> <span class="m">1</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>To interpret the command’s output, I created the following filter:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-conf highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[<span class="n">FILTER</span>]
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Name</span> <span class="n">parser</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Match</span> <span class="n">memory</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Key_Name</span> <span class="n">exec</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Parser</span> <span class="n">free</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Lastly, I created the following parser (warning: regex shitcode incoming):</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-conf highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>[<span class="n">PARSER</span>]
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Name</span> <span class="n">free</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Format</span> <span class="n">regex</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Regex</span> ^<span class="n">Mem</span>:\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_total</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_used</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_free</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_shared</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_buff_cache</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">mem_available</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+) <span class="n">Swap</span>:\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">swap_total</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">swap_used</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)\<span class="n">s</span>+(?<<span class="n">swap_free</span>>\<span class="n">d</span>+)
|
||||||
|
<span class="n">Types</span> <span class="n">mem_total</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">mem_used</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">mem_free</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">mem_shared</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">mem_buff_cache</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">mem_available</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">swap_total</span>:<span class="n">integer</span> <span class="n">swap_used</span>:<span class="n">integer</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>With this configuration, you can use the <code>mem_available</code> metric to get accurate memory usage in Fluent Bit.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Let’s hope Fluent Bit’s <code>mem</code> input plugin is improved upon soon so this hacky solution is not needed.
|
||||||
|
I also intend to document my new monitoring pipeline, which at the moment consists of:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li>Fluent Bit</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Fluentd</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Elasticsearch</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Grafana</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
I"<02><p>Recently, I deployed <a href="https://concourse-ci.org/">Concourse CI</a> because I wanted to get my feet wet with a CI/CD pipeline.
|
||||||
|
However, I had a practical use case lying around for a long time: automatically compiling my static website and deploying it to my docker Swarm.
|
||||||
|
This took some time getting right, but the result works like a charm (<a href="https://git.kun.is/pim/static">source code</a>).</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
||||||
|
I"<p>For months, I’ve had a peculiar problem with my laptop: once in a while, seemingly without reason, my laptop screen would freeze.
|
||||||
|
This only happened on my laptop screen, and not on an external monitor.
|
||||||
|
I had kind of learned to live with it as I couldn’t find a solution online.
|
||||||
|
The only remedy I had was reloading my window manager, which would often unfreeze the screen.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||||
|
I"³<p>Finally, after several months this website is up and running again!</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>My homelab has completely changed, but the reason why it initially went offline is because of my failing CI installation.
|
||||||
|
I was using <a href="https://concourse-ci.org/">Concourse CI</a> which I was initially interested in due to the reproducible nature of its builds using containers.
|
||||||
|
However, for some reason pipelines were sporadically getting stuck when I reboot the virtual machine it was running on.
|
||||||
|
The fix was very annoying: I had to re-create the pipelines manually (which feels very backwards for a CI/CD system!)
|
||||||
|
Additionally, my virtual machine setup back then was also quite fragile and I decided to get rid of that as well.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I have learned that having an escape hatch to deploy something is probably a good idea 😅
|
||||||
|
Expect a new overview of my homelab soon, in the same vein as <a href="/infrastructure-snapshot/">this post from last year</a>!</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
|
||||||
|
I": <p><em>See the <a href="#update">Update</a> at the end of the article.</em></p>
|
||||||
|
<p>Already a week ago, Hashicorp <a href="https://www.hashicorp.com/blog/hashicorp-adopts-business-source-license">announced</a> it would change the license on almost all its projects.
|
||||||
|
Unlike <a href="https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform/commit/ab411a1952f5b28e6c4bd73071194761da36a83f">their previous license</a>, which was the Mozilla Public License 2.0, their new license is no longer truly open source.
|
||||||
|
It is called the Business Source License™ and restricts use of their software for competitors.
|
||||||
|
In their own words:</p>
|
||||||
|
<blockquote>
|
||||||
|
<p>Vendors who provide competitive services built on our community products will no longer be able to incorporate future releases, bug fixes, or security patches contributed to our products.</p>
|
||||||
|
</blockquote>
|
||||||
|
<p>I found <a href="https://meshedinsights.com/2021/02/02/rights-ratchet/">a great article</a> by MeshedInsights that names this behaviour the “rights ratchet model”.
|
||||||
|
They define a script start-ups use to garner the interest of open source enthusiasts but eventually turn their back on them for profit.
|
||||||
|
The reason why Hashicorp can do this, is because contributors signed a copyright license agreement (CLA).
|
||||||
|
This agreement transfers the copyright of contributors’ code to Hashicorp, allowing them to change the license if they want to.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I find this action really regrettable because I like their products.
|
||||||
|
This sort of action was also why I wanted to avoid using an Elastic stack, which also had their <a href="https://www.elastic.co/pricing/faq/licensing">license changed</a>.<sup class="footnote-ref"><a href="#fn1" id="fnref1">1</a></sup>
|
||||||
|
These companies do not respect their contributors and the software stack beneath they built their product on, which is actually open source (Golang, Linux, etc.).</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="impact-on-my-home-lab">Impact on my Home Lab</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>I am using Terraform in my home lab to manage several important things:</p>
|
||||||
|
<ul>
|
||||||
|
<li>Libvirt virtual machines</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>PowerDNS records</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Elasticsearch configuration</li>
|
||||||
|
</ul>
|
||||||
|
<p>With Hashicorp’s anti open source move, I intend to move away from Terraform in the future.
|
||||||
|
While I will not use Hashicorp’s products for new personal projects, I will leave my current setup as-is for some time because there is no real need to quickly migrate.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I might also investigate some of Terraform’s competitors, like Pulumi.
|
||||||
|
Hopefully there is a project that respects open source which I can use in the future.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="update">Update</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>A promising fork of Terraform has been announced called <a href="https://opentf.org/announcement">OpenTF</a>.
|
||||||
|
They intend to take part of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, which I think is a good effort because Terraform is so important for modern cloud infrastructures.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h1>
|
||||||
|
<section class="footnotes">
|
||||||
|
<ol>
|
||||||
|
<li id="fn1">
|
||||||
|
<p>While I am still using Elasticsearch, I don’t use the rest of the Elastic stack in order to prevent a vendor lock-in. <a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-backref">↩</a></p>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
</ol>
|
||||||
|
</section>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
I"H<p>Here I might post some personally identifiable information.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
|
||||||
|
I"q<p>When I was scaling up my home lab, I started thinking more about data management.
|
||||||
|
I hadn’t (and still haven’t) set up any form of network storage.
|
||||||
|
I have, however, set up a backup mechanism using <a href="https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">Borg</a>.
|
||||||
|
Still, I want to operate lots of virtual machines, and backing up each one of them separately seemed excessive.
|
||||||
|
So I started thinking, what if I just let the host machines back up the data?
|
||||||
|
After all, the amount of physical hosts I have in my home lab is unlikely to increase drastically.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="the-use-case-for-sharing-directories">The Use Case for Sharing Directories</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>I started working out this idea further.
|
||||||
|
Without network storage, I needed a way for guest VMs to access the host’s disks.
|
||||||
|
Here there are two possibilities, either expose some block device or a file system.
|
||||||
|
Creating a whole virtual disk for just the data of some VMs seemed wasteful, and from my experiences also increases backup times dramatically.
|
||||||
|
I therefore searched for a way to mount a directory from the host OS on the guest VM.
|
||||||
|
This is when I stumbled upon <a href="https://rabexc.org/posts/p9-setup-in-libvirt">this blog</a> post talking about sharing directories with virtual machines.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="sharing-directories-with-virtio-9p">Sharing Directories with virtio-9p</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>virtio-9p is a way to map a directory on the host OS to a special device on the virtual machine.
|
||||||
|
In <code>virt-manager</code>, it looks like the following:
|
||||||
|
<img src="virt-manager.png" alt="picture showing virt-manager configuration to map a directory to a VM" />
|
||||||
|
Under the hood, virtio-9p uses the 9pnet protocol.
|
||||||
|
Originally developed at Bell Labs, support for this is available in all modern Linux kernels.
|
||||||
|
If you share a directory with a VM, you can then mount it.
|
||||||
|
Below is an extract of my <code>/etc/fstab</code> to automatically mount the directory:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-text highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>data /mnt/data 9p trans=virtio,rw 0 0
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>The first argument (<code>data</code>) refers to the name you gave this share from the host
|
||||||
|
With the <code>trans</code> option we specify that this is a virtio share.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="problems-with-virtio-9p">Problems with virtio-9p</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>At first I had no problems with my setup, but I am now contemplating just moving to a network storage based setup because of two problems.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>The first problem is that some files have suddenly changed ownership from <code>libvirt-qemu</code> to <code>root</code>.
|
||||||
|
If the file is owned by <code>root</code>, the guest OS can still see it, but cannot access it.
|
||||||
|
I am not entirely sure the problem lies with virtio, but I suspect it is.
|
||||||
|
For anyone experiencing this problem, I wrote a small shell script to revert ownership to the <code>libvirt-qemu</code> user:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-shell highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>find <span class="nt">-printf</span> <span class="s2">"%h/%f %u</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">"</span> | <span class="nb">grep </span>root | <span class="nb">cut</span> <span class="nt">-d</span> <span class="s1">' '</span> <span class="nt">-f1</span> | xargs <span class="nb">chown </span>libvirt-qemu:libvirt-qemu
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>Another problem that I have experienced, is guests being unable to mount the directory at all.
|
||||||
|
I have only experienced this problem once, but it was highly annoying.
|
||||||
|
To fix it, I had to reboot the whole physical machine.</p>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="alternatives">Alternatives</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>virtio-9p seemed like a good idea, but as discussed, I had some problems with it.
|
||||||
|
It seems <a href="https://virtio-fs.gitlab.io/">virtioFS</a> might be a an interesting alternative as it is designed specifically for sharing directories with VMs.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>As for me, I will probably finally look into deploying network storage either with NFS or SSHFS.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
|
||||||
|
I"<p><a href="https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">BorgBackup</a> and <a href="https://torsion.org/borgmatic/">Borgmatic</a> have been my go-to tools to create backups for my home lab since I started creating backups.
|
||||||
|
Using <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/systemd/Timers">Systemd Timers</a>, I regularly create a backup every night.
|
||||||
|
I also monitor successful execution of the backup process, in case some error occurs.
|
||||||
|
However, the way I set this up resulted in not receiving notifications.
|
||||||
|
Even though it boils down to RTFM, I’d like to explain my error and how to handle errors correctly.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I was using the <code>on_error</code> option to handle errors, like so:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">on_error</span><span class="pi">:</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">apprise</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">--body="Error</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">while</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">performing</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">backup"</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s"><URL></span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">||</span><span class="nv"> </span><span class="s">true'</span>
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>However, <code>on_error</code> does not handle errors from the execution of <code>before_everything</code> and <code>after_everything</code> hooks.
|
||||||
|
My solution to this was moving the error handling up to the Systemd service that calls Borgmatic.
|
||||||
|
This results in the following Systemd service:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-systemd highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">[Unit]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">Description</span><span class="p">=</span>Backup data using Borgmatic
|
||||||
|
<span class="c"># Added</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">OnFailure</span><span class="p">=</span>backup-failure.service
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="k">[Service]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">ExecStart</span><span class="p">=</span>/usr/bin/borgmatic --config /root/backup.yml
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">Type</span><span class="p">=</span>oneshot
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<p>This handles any error, be it from Borgmatic’s hooks or itself.
|
||||||
|
The <code>backup-failure</code> service is very simple, and just calls Apprise to send a notification:</p>
|
||||||
|
<div class="language-systemd highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">[Unit]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">Description</span><span class="p">=</span>Send backup failure notification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="k">[Service]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">Type</span><span class="p">=</span>oneshot
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">ExecStart</span><span class="p">=</span>apprise --body="Failed to create backup!" <URL>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="k">[Install]</span>
|
||||||
|
<span class="nt">WantedBy</span><span class="p">=</span>multi-user.target
|
||||||
|
</code></pre></div></div>
|
||||||
|
<h1 id="the-aftermath-or-what-i-learned">The Aftermath (or what I learned)</h1>
|
||||||
|
<p>Because the error handling and alerting weren’t working propertly, my backups didn’t succeed for two weeks straight.
|
||||||
|
And, of course, you only notice your backups aren’t working when you actually need them.
|
||||||
|
This is exactly what happened: my disk was full and a MariaDB database crashed as a result of that.
|
||||||
|
Actually, the whole database seemed to be corrupt and I find it worrying MariaDB does not seem to be very resilient to failures (in comparison a PostgreSQL database was able to recover automatically).
|
||||||
|
I then tried to recover the data using last night’s backup, only to find out there was no such backup.
|
||||||
|
Fortunately, I had other means to recover the data so I incurred no data loss.</p>
|
||||||
|
<p>I already knew it is important to test backups, but I learned it is also important to test failures during backups!</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
|
||||||
|
I"P<p>Finally, after several months this website is up and running again!</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
||||||
|
I"ï<p>Previously, I have used <a href="https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter">Prometheus’ node_exporter</a> to monitor the memory usage of my servers.
|
||||||
|
However, I am currently in the process of moving away from Prometheus to a new Monioring stack.
|
||||||
|
While I understand the advantages, I felt like Prometheus’ pull architecture does not scale nicely.
|
||||||
|
Everytime I spin up a new machine, I would have to centrally change Prometheus’ configuration in order for it to query the new server.</p>
|
||||||
|
:ET
|
||||||
5
src/404.md
Normal file
5
src/404.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
title: "404"
|
||||||
|
layout: 404
|
||||||
|
permalink: "/404.html"
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
34
src/Gemfile
Normal file
34
src/Gemfile
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
|
||||||
|
source "https://rubygems.org"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Hello! This is where you manage which Jekyll version is used to run.
|
||||||
|
# When you want to use a different version, change it below, save the
|
||||||
|
# file and run `bundle install`. Run Jekyll with `bundle exec`, like so:
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# bundle exec jekyll serve
|
||||||
|
#
|
||||||
|
# This will help ensure the proper Jekyll version is running.
|
||||||
|
# Happy Jekylling!
|
||||||
|
gem "jekyll", "~> 4.1.0"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# This is the default theme for new Jekyll sites. You may change this to anything you like.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# If you want to use GitHub Pages, remove the "gem "jekyll"" above and
|
||||||
|
# uncomment the line below. To upgrade, run `bundle update github-pages`.
|
||||||
|
# gem "github-pages", group: :jekyll_plugins
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# If you have any plugins, put them here!
|
||||||
|
group :jekyll_plugins do
|
||||||
|
gem 'jekyll-feed', '~> 0.13'
|
||||||
|
gem 'jekyll-sitemap', '~> 1.4'
|
||||||
|
gem 'jekyll-compose', '~> 0.12.0'
|
||||||
|
gem 'jekyll-postfiles', '~> 3.1'
|
||||||
|
gem 'jekyll-commonmark-ghpages'
|
||||||
|
end
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Windows does not include zoneinfo files, so bundle the tzinfo-data gem
|
||||||
|
# gem "tzinfo-data", platforms: [:mingw, :mswin, :x64_mingw, :jruby]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Performance-booster for watching directories on Windows
|
||||||
|
# gem "wdm", "~> 0.1.0" if Gem.win_platform?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gem "webrick", "~> 1.7"
|
||||||
93
src/Gemfile.lock
Normal file
93
src/Gemfile.lock
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
|
||||||
|
GEM
|
||||||
|
remote: https://rubygems.org/
|
||||||
|
specs:
|
||||||
|
addressable (2.8.1)
|
||||||
|
public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 6.0)
|
||||||
|
colorator (1.1.0)
|
||||||
|
commonmarker (0.17.13)
|
||||||
|
ruby-enum (~> 0.5)
|
||||||
|
concurrent-ruby (1.2.0)
|
||||||
|
em-websocket (0.5.3)
|
||||||
|
eventmachine (>= 0.12.9)
|
||||||
|
http_parser.rb (~> 0)
|
||||||
|
eventmachine (1.2.7)
|
||||||
|
ffi (1.15.5)
|
||||||
|
forwardable-extended (2.6.0)
|
||||||
|
http_parser.rb (0.8.0)
|
||||||
|
i18n (1.12.0)
|
||||||
|
concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (4.1.1)
|
||||||
|
addressable (~> 2.4)
|
||||||
|
colorator (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
em-websocket (~> 0.5)
|
||||||
|
i18n (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-sass-converter (~> 2.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-watch (~> 2.0)
|
||||||
|
kramdown (~> 2.1)
|
||||||
|
kramdown-parser-gfm (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
liquid (~> 4.0)
|
||||||
|
mercenary (~> 0.4.0)
|
||||||
|
pathutil (~> 0.9)
|
||||||
|
rouge (~> 3.0)
|
||||||
|
safe_yaml (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
terminal-table (~> 1.8)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-commonmark (1.3.1)
|
||||||
|
commonmarker (~> 0.14)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-commonmark-ghpages (0.1.6)
|
||||||
|
commonmarker (~> 0.17.6)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-commonmark (~> 1.2)
|
||||||
|
rouge (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-compose (0.12.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-feed (0.17.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-postfiles (3.1.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (>= 3.8.6, < 5)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-sass-converter (2.2.0)
|
||||||
|
sassc (> 2.0.1, < 3.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-sitemap (1.4.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll (>= 3.7, < 5.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-watch (2.2.1)
|
||||||
|
listen (~> 3.0)
|
||||||
|
kramdown (2.4.0)
|
||||||
|
rexml
|
||||||
|
kramdown-parser-gfm (1.1.0)
|
||||||
|
kramdown (~> 2.0)
|
||||||
|
liquid (4.0.4)
|
||||||
|
listen (3.8.0)
|
||||||
|
rb-fsevent (~> 0.10, >= 0.10.3)
|
||||||
|
rb-inotify (~> 0.9, >= 0.9.10)
|
||||||
|
mercenary (0.4.0)
|
||||||
|
pathutil (0.16.2)
|
||||||
|
forwardable-extended (~> 2.6)
|
||||||
|
public_suffix (5.0.1)
|
||||||
|
rb-fsevent (0.11.2)
|
||||||
|
rb-inotify (0.10.1)
|
||||||
|
ffi (~> 1.0)
|
||||||
|
rexml (3.2.5)
|
||||||
|
rouge (3.30.0)
|
||||||
|
ruby-enum (0.9.0)
|
||||||
|
i18n
|
||||||
|
safe_yaml (1.0.5)
|
||||||
|
sassc (2.4.0)
|
||||||
|
ffi (~> 1.9)
|
||||||
|
terminal-table (1.8.0)
|
||||||
|
unicode-display_width (~> 1.1, >= 1.1.1)
|
||||||
|
unicode-display_width (1.8.0)
|
||||||
|
webrick (1.7.0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
PLATFORMS
|
||||||
|
x86_64-linux
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
DEPENDENCIES
|
||||||
|
jekyll (~> 4.1.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-commonmark-ghpages
|
||||||
|
jekyll-compose (~> 0.12.0)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-feed (~> 0.13)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-postfiles (~> 3.1)
|
||||||
|
jekyll-sitemap (~> 1.4)
|
||||||
|
webrick (~> 1.7)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
BUNDLED WITH
|
||||||
|
2.4.5
|
||||||
77
src/_config.yml
Normal file
77
src/_config.yml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
|
||||||
|
title: Pim Kunis
|
||||||
|
description: A pig's gotta fly
|
||||||
|
lang: en-US
|
||||||
|
timezone: Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
image: assets/img/avatar.jpg
|
||||||
|
repo: https://git.kun.is/pim/static
|
||||||
|
mode: light
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
author:
|
||||||
|
name: Pim Kunis
|
||||||
|
bio: A pig's gotta fly
|
||||||
|
username: pim
|
||||||
|
avatar: /assets/img/avatar.jpg
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
url: "https://pim.kun.is"
|
||||||
|
baseurl: "/"
|
||||||
|
permalink: /:title/
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
collections:
|
||||||
|
posts:
|
||||||
|
output: true
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
markdown: CommonMarkGhPages
|
||||||
|
highlighter: rouge
|
||||||
|
kramdown:
|
||||||
|
syntax_highlighter: rouge
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
defaults:
|
||||||
|
- scope:
|
||||||
|
path: ""
|
||||||
|
values:
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
comments: false
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
jekyll_compose:
|
||||||
|
post_default_front_matter:
|
||||||
|
modified:
|
||||||
|
tags: []
|
||||||
|
description:
|
||||||
|
draft_default_front_matter:
|
||||||
|
modified:
|
||||||
|
tags: []
|
||||||
|
description:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
number_of_posts: 5
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
sass:
|
||||||
|
style: compressed
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
include:
|
||||||
|
- _redirects
|
||||||
|
- .htaccess
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
exclude:
|
||||||
|
- CNAME
|
||||||
|
- Gemfile
|
||||||
|
- Gemfile.lock
|
||||||
|
- LICENSE
|
||||||
|
- CHANGELOG.md
|
||||||
|
- README.md
|
||||||
|
- node_modules
|
||||||
|
- CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
|
||||||
|
- CONTRIBUTING.md
|
||||||
|
- lighthouse.png
|
||||||
|
- klise-*.gem
|
||||||
|
- klise.gemspec
|
||||||
|
- gemset.nix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
plugins:
|
||||||
|
- jekyll-feed
|
||||||
|
- jekyll-sitemap
|
||||||
|
- jekyll-postfiles
|
||||||
|
- jekyll-commonmark-ghpages
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
commonmark:
|
||||||
|
options: ["SMART", "FOOTNOTES"]
|
||||||
|
extensions: ["strikethrough", "autolink", "table", "tagfilter"]
|
||||||
16
src/_data/menus.yml
Normal file
16
src/_data/menus.yml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
||||||
|
- title: home
|
||||||
|
url: /
|
||||||
|
external: false
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- title: archive
|
||||||
|
url: /archive/
|
||||||
|
external: false
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- title: about
|
||||||
|
url: /about/
|
||||||
|
external: false # set true if you using external link, see below
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Example:
|
||||||
|
# - title: github
|
||||||
|
# url: https://github.com/piharpi/jekyll-klise
|
||||||
|
# external: true
|
||||||
105
src/_includes/anchor_headings.html
Normal file
105
src/_includes/anchor_headings.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
|
||||||
|
{% capture headingsWorkspace %}
|
||||||
|
{% comment %}
|
||||||
|
Version 1.0.4
|
||||||
|
https://github.com/allejo/jekyll-anchor-headings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"Be the pull request you wish to see in the world." ~Ben Balter
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Usage:
|
||||||
|
{% include anchor_headings.html html=content %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Parameters:
|
||||||
|
* html (string) - the HTML of compiled markdown generated by kramdown in Jekyll
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Optional Parameters:
|
||||||
|
* beforeHeading (bool) : false - Set to true if the anchor should be placed _before_ the heading's content
|
||||||
|
* anchorAttrs (string) : '' - Any custom HTML attributes that will be added to the `<a>` tag; you may NOT use `href`, `class` or `title`
|
||||||
|
* anchorBody (string) : '' - The content that will be placed inside the anchor; the `%heading%` placeholder is available
|
||||||
|
* anchorClass (string) : '' - The class(es) that will be used for each anchor. Separate multiple classes with a space
|
||||||
|
* anchorTitle (string) : '' - The `title` attribute that will be used for anchors
|
||||||
|
* h_min (int) : 1 - The minimum header level to build an anchor for; any header lower than this value will be ignored
|
||||||
|
* h_max (int) : 6 - The maximum header level to build an anchor for; any header greater than this value will be ignored
|
||||||
|
* bodyPrefix (string) : '' - Anything that should be inserted inside of the heading tag _before_ its anchor and content
|
||||||
|
* bodySuffix (string) : '' - Anything that should be inserted inside of the heading tag _after_ its anchor and content
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Output:
|
||||||
|
The original HTML with the addition of anchors inside of all of the h1-h6 headings.
|
||||||
|
{% endcomment %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% assign minHeader = include.h_min | default: 1 %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign maxHeader = include.h_max | default: 6 %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign beforeHeading = include.beforeHeading %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign nodes = include.html | split: '<h' %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% capture edited_headings %}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% for _node in nodes %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture node %}{{ _node | strip }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if node == "" %}
|
||||||
|
{% continue %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% assign nextChar = node | replace: '"', '' | strip | slice: 0, 1 %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign headerLevel = nextChar | times: 1 %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- If the level is cast to 0, it means it's not a h1-h6 tag, so let's try to fix it -->
|
||||||
|
{% if headerLevel == 0 %}
|
||||||
|
{% if nextChar != '<' and nextChar != '' %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture node %}<h{{ node }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% capture edited_headings %}{{ edited_headings }}{{ node }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% continue %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% assign _workspace = node | split: '</h' %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign _idWorkspace = _workspace[0] | split: 'id="' %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign _idWorkspace = _idWorkspace[1] | split: '"' %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign html_id = _idWorkspace[0] %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% capture _hAttrToStrip %}{{ _workspace[0] | split: '>' | first }}>{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% assign header = _workspace[0] | replace: _hAttrToStrip, '' %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- Build the anchor to inject for our heading -->
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if html_id and headerLevel >= minHeader and headerLevel <= maxHeader %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}href="#{{ html_id }}"{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if include.anchorClass %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}{{ anchor }} class="{{ include.anchorClass }}"{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if include.anchorTitle %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}{{ anchor }} title="{{ include.anchorTitle | replace: '%heading%', header }}"{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if include.anchorAttrs %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}{{ anchor }} {{ include.anchorAttrs }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}<a {{ anchor }}>{{ include.anchorBody | replace: '%heading%', header | default: '' }}</a>{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!-- In order to prevent adding extra space after a heading, we'll let the 'anchor' value contain it -->
|
||||||
|
{% if beforeHeading %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %}{{ anchor }} {% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% else %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture anchor %} {{ anchor }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% capture new_heading %}
|
||||||
|
<h{{ _hAttrToStrip }}
|
||||||
|
{{ include.bodyPrefix }}
|
||||||
|
{% if beforeHeading %}
|
||||||
|
{{ anchor }}{{ header }}
|
||||||
|
{% else %}
|
||||||
|
{{ header }}{{ anchor }}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
{{ include.bodySuffix }}
|
||||||
|
</h{{ _workspace | last }}
|
||||||
|
{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% capture edited_headings %}{{ edited_headings }}{{ new_heading }}{% endcapture %}
|
||||||
|
{% endfor %}
|
||||||
|
{% endcapture %}{% assign headingsWorkspace = '' %}{{ edited_headings | strip }}
|
||||||
9
src/_includes/author.html
Normal file
9
src/_includes/author.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||||
|
<div class="author">
|
||||||
|
<img
|
||||||
|
class="author-avatar"
|
||||||
|
src="{{ site.author.avatar }}"
|
||||||
|
alt="{{ site.author.username }}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<h2 class="author-name">{{ site.author.name }}</h2>
|
||||||
|
<p class="author-bio">{{ site.author.bio }}</p>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
10
src/_includes/comments.html
Normal file
10
src/_includes/comments.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||||
|
<!-- unnecessary file, however you can still use for comment section, e.g disqus -->
|
||||||
|
<script
|
||||||
|
src="https://utteranc.es/client.js"
|
||||||
|
repo="username/reponame"
|
||||||
|
issue-term="pathname"
|
||||||
|
label="✨ comment ✨"
|
||||||
|
theme="github-light"
|
||||||
|
crossorigin="anonymous"
|
||||||
|
async
|
||||||
|
></script>
|
||||||
28
src/_includes/footer.html
Normal file
28
src/_includes/footer.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
|
||||||
|
<footer class="footer">
|
||||||
|
<a class="footer_item" href="https://git.kun.is/pim"><i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i> Git</a>
|
||||||
|
<span class="footer_item">© {{ site.time | date: "%Y" }}</span>
|
||||||
|
<small class="footer_copyright">
|
||||||
|
<!-- Klisé Theme: https://github.com/piharpi/jekyll-klise -->
|
||||||
|
<a
|
||||||
|
href="https://github.com/piharpi/jekyll-klise"
|
||||||
|
target="_blank"
|
||||||
|
rel="noreferrer noopener"
|
||||||
|
>klisé</a
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
theme on
|
||||||
|
<a href="https://jekyllrb.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"
|
||||||
|
>jekyll</a
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
</small>
|
||||||
|
</footer>
|
||||||
|
<script src="/assets/js/main.js" defer="defer"></script>
|
||||||
|
{%- if page.url == '/archive/' -%}
|
||||||
|
<script src="/assets/js/search.min.js"></script>
|
||||||
|
<script>
|
||||||
|
var sjs = SimpleJekyllSearch({
|
||||||
|
searchInput: document.getElementById('search-input'),
|
||||||
|
resultsContainer: document.getElementById('search-results'),
|
||||||
|
json: '/assets/search.json',
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
{%- endif -%}
|
||||||
165
src/_includes/header.html
Normal file
165
src/_includes/header.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
|
||||||
|
<head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns#">
|
||||||
|
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
|
||||||
|
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="application-name" content="{{ site.title }}" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="#fff" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="{{ site.title }}" />
|
||||||
|
<title>
|
||||||
|
{% if page.title %}{{ page.title | escape }} - {{ site.title }}{% else %}{{
|
||||||
|
site.title | escape }}{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
</title>
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="alternate"
|
||||||
|
href="{{
|
||||||
|
page.url | remove: 'index.html' | remove: '.html' | absolute_url
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
hreflang="{{ site.lang }}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="canonical"
|
||||||
|
href="{{
|
||||||
|
page.url | remove: 'index.html' | remove: '.html' | absolute_url
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% if paginator.previous_page %}
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="prev"
|
||||||
|
href="{{
|
||||||
|
paginator.previous_page_path
|
||||||
|
| remove: 'index.html'
|
||||||
|
| remove: '.html'
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %} {% if paginator.next_page %}
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="next"
|
||||||
|
href="{{
|
||||||
|
paginator.next_page_path
|
||||||
|
| remove: 'index.html'
|
||||||
|
| remove: '.html'
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
name="description"
|
||||||
|
content="{{
|
||||||
|
page.description
|
||||||
|
| default: site.description
|
||||||
|
| strip_html
|
||||||
|
| normalize_whitespace
|
||||||
|
| truncate: 200
|
||||||
|
| escape
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade" />
|
||||||
|
<meta property="fb:app_id" content="{{ site.fb_appid }}" />
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
property="og:site_name"
|
||||||
|
content="{% if page.title %}{{ page.title | escape }} | {{
|
||||||
|
site.author.name
|
||||||
|
}}{% else %}{{ site.title | escape }}{% endif %}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
property="og:title"
|
||||||
|
content="{% if page.title %}{{ page.title | escape }} | {{
|
||||||
|
site.author.name
|
||||||
|
}}{% else %}{{ site.title | escape }}{% endif %}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% if page.location %}
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
property="article:publisher"
|
||||||
|
content="https://web.facebook.com/{{ site.author.facebook }}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% else %}
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
property="og:url"
|
||||||
|
content="{{
|
||||||
|
page.url | remove: 'index.html' | remove: '.html' | absolute_url
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
property="og:description"
|
||||||
|
content="{{
|
||||||
|
page.description
|
||||||
|
| default: site.description
|
||||||
|
| strip_html
|
||||||
|
| normalize_whitespace
|
||||||
|
| truncate: 200
|
||||||
|
| escape
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% if page.image %}
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:image" content="{{ page.image | absolute_url }}" />
|
||||||
|
{% else %}
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:image" content="{{ site.image | absolute_url }}" />
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:image:width" content="640" />
|
||||||
|
<meta property="og:image:height" content="640" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" />
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
name="twitter:title"
|
||||||
|
content="{% if page.title %}{{ page.title | escape }} | {{
|
||||||
|
site.author.twitter
|
||||||
|
}}{% else %}{{ site.title | escape }}{% endif %}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
name="twitter:url"
|
||||||
|
content="{{
|
||||||
|
page.url | remove: 'index.html' | remove: '.html' | absolute_url
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@{{ site.author.twitter }}" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@{{ site.author.twitter }}" />
|
||||||
|
<meta
|
||||||
|
name="twitter:description"
|
||||||
|
content="{{
|
||||||
|
page.description
|
||||||
|
| default: site.description
|
||||||
|
| strip_html
|
||||||
|
| normalize_whitespace
|
||||||
|
| truncate: 200
|
||||||
|
| escape
|
||||||
|
}}"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
{% if page.image %}
|
||||||
|
<meta name="twitter:image" content="{{ page.image | absolute_url }}" />
|
||||||
|
{% else %}
|
||||||
|
<meta name="twitter:image" content="{{ site.image | absolute_url }}" />
|
||||||
|
{% endif %} {% feed_meta %}
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="apple-touch-icon"
|
||||||
|
sizes="180x180"
|
||||||
|
href="/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="icon"
|
||||||
|
type="image/png"
|
||||||
|
sizes="32x32"
|
||||||
|
href="/assets/favicons/favicon-32x32.png"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="icon"
|
||||||
|
type="image/png"
|
||||||
|
sizes="16x16"
|
||||||
|
href="/assets/favicons/favicon-16x16.png"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<link rel="manifest" href="/assets/favicons/site.webmanifest" />
|
||||||
|
<link
|
||||||
|
rel="mask-icon"
|
||||||
|
href="/assets/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg"
|
||||||
|
color="#5bbad5"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="Jekyll Klise" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="application-name" content="Jekyll Klise" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c" />
|
||||||
|
<meta name="theme-color" content="#2c2c2c" />
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/style.css" />
|
||||||
|
<link href="/assets/css/fontawesome.all.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
|
||||||
|
</head>
|
||||||
211
src/_includes/navbar.html
Normal file
211
src/_includes/navbar.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
|
||||||
|
<div class="navbar" role="navigation">
|
||||||
|
<nav class="menu">
|
||||||
|
<input type="checkbox" id="menu-trigger" class="menu-trigger" />
|
||||||
|
<label for="menu-trigger">
|
||||||
|
<span class="menu-icon">
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
width="24"
|
||||||
|
height="24"
|
||||||
|
viewBox="0 0 512 512"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
d="M64,384H448V341.33H64Zm0-106.67H448V234.67H64ZM64,128v42.67H448V128Z"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
</label>
|
||||||
|
<a id="mode">
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
class="mode-sunny"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
width="24"
|
||||||
|
height="24"
|
||||||
|
viewBox="0 0 512 512"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<title>LIGHT</title>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="256"
|
||||||
|
y1="48"
|
||||||
|
x2="256"
|
||||||
|
y2="96"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="256"
|
||||||
|
y1="416"
|
||||||
|
x2="256"
|
||||||
|
y2="464"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
y1="108.92"
|
||||||
|
x2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
y2="142.86"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
y1="369.14"
|
||||||
|
x2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
y2="403.08"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="464"
|
||||||
|
y1="256"
|
||||||
|
x2="416"
|
||||||
|
y2="256"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="96"
|
||||||
|
y1="256"
|
||||||
|
x2="48"
|
||||||
|
y2="256"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
y1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
x2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
y2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
y1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
x2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
y2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<circle
|
||||||
|
cx="256"
|
||||||
|
cy="256"
|
||||||
|
r="80"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
class="mode-moon"
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
width="24"
|
||||||
|
height="24"
|
||||||
|
viewBox="0 0 512 512"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<title>DARK</title>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="256"
|
||||||
|
y1="48"
|
||||||
|
x2="256"
|
||||||
|
y2="96"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="256"
|
||||||
|
y1="416"
|
||||||
|
x2="256"
|
||||||
|
y2="464"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
y1="108.92"
|
||||||
|
x2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
y2="142.86"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
y1="369.14"
|
||||||
|
x2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
y2="403.08"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="464"
|
||||||
|
y1="256"
|
||||||
|
x2="416"
|
||||||
|
y2="256"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="96"
|
||||||
|
y1="256"
|
||||||
|
x2="48"
|
||||||
|
y2="256"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
y1="403.08"
|
||||||
|
x2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
y2="369.14"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<line
|
||||||
|
x1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
y1="142.86"
|
||||||
|
x2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
y2="108.92"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<circle
|
||||||
|
cx="256"
|
||||||
|
cy="256"
|
||||||
|
r="80"
|
||||||
|
style="stroke-linecap:round;stroke-miterlimit:10;stroke-width:32px"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
<div class="trigger">
|
||||||
|
<div class="trigger-container">
|
||||||
|
{%- assign url = page.url -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- assign menus = site.data.menus -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- if menus %}
|
||||||
|
{%- for menu in menus -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- if url == menu.url -%}
|
||||||
|
<a class="menu-link active" href="{{ menu.url }}">{{ menu.title }}</a>
|
||||||
|
{%- else -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- if menu.external -%}
|
||||||
|
<a
|
||||||
|
class="menu-link"
|
||||||
|
href="{{ menu.url }}"
|
||||||
|
target="_blank"
|
||||||
|
rel="noopener"
|
||||||
|
>{{ menu.title }}</a
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
{%- else -%}
|
||||||
|
<a class="menu-link" href="{{ menu.url }}">{{ menu.title }}</a>
|
||||||
|
{%- endif -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- endif -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- endfor -%}
|
||||||
|
{%- else -%}
|
||||||
|
<a class="menu-link {% if url == '/' %}active{% endif %}" href="/">home</a>
|
||||||
|
<a class="menu-link {% if url == '/about/' %}active{% endif %}" href="/about">about</a>
|
||||||
|
{%- endif -%}
|
||||||
|
<a class="menu-link rss" href="/feed.xml">
|
||||||
|
<svg
|
||||||
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
width="17"
|
||||||
|
height="17"
|
||||||
|
viewBox="0 0 512 512"
|
||||||
|
fill="#ED812E"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<title>RSS</title>
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
d="M108.56,342.78a60.34,60.34,0,1,0,60.56,60.44A60.63,60.63,0,0,0,108.56,342.78Z"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
d="M48,186.67v86.55c52,0,101.94,15.39,138.67,52.11s52,86.56,52,138.67h86.66C325.33,312.44,199.67,186.67,48,186.67Z"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
<path
|
||||||
|
d="M48,48v86.56c185.25,0,329.22,144.08,329.22,329.44H464C464,234.66,277.67,48,48,48Z"
|
||||||
|
/>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</nav>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
16
src/_includes/navigation.html
Normal file
16
src/_includes/navigation.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
||||||
|
<nav class="post-nav">
|
||||||
|
{% if page.previous %}
|
||||||
|
<a
|
||||||
|
class="post-nav-item post-nav-prev"
|
||||||
|
href="{{ page.previous | relative_url }}"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<div class="nav-arrow">Previous</div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="post-title">{{ page.previous.title }}</span>
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %} {% if page.next %}
|
||||||
|
<a class="post-nav-item post-nav-next" href="{{ page.next | relative_url }}">
|
||||||
|
<div class="nav-arrow">Next</div>
|
||||||
|
<span class="post-title">{{ page.next.title }}</span>
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
</nav>
|
||||||
21
src/_includes/pagination.html
Normal file
21
src/_includes/pagination.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||||
|
<!-- NOTE: unused file, but u can use if necessary -->
|
||||||
|
<!-- <div class="pagination">
|
||||||
|
{% if paginator.previous_page %}
|
||||||
|
<a
|
||||||
|
class="page-previous"
|
||||||
|
href="{{ paginator.previous_page_path }}"
|
||||||
|
class="previous"
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
<span aria-hidden="true">←</span> NEWER POSTS
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
<span class="page_number"
|
||||||
|
>PAGE {{ paginator.page }} OF {{ paginator.total_pages }}</span
|
||||||
|
>
|
||||||
|
{% if paginator.next_page %}
|
||||||
|
<a class="page-next" href="{{ paginator.next_page_path }}" class="next"
|
||||||
|
>OLDER POSTS
|
||||||
|
<span aria-hidden="true">→</span>
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
</div> -->
|
||||||
45
src/_layouts/404.html
Normal file
45
src/_layouts/404.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: compress
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="{{ page.lang | default: site.lang | default: " en " }}">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include header.html %}
|
||||||
|
<body data-theme="{{ site.mode }}" class="notransition">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<script>
|
||||||
|
const body = document.body;
|
||||||
|
const data = body.getAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const initTheme = (state) => {
|
||||||
|
if (state === "dark") {
|
||||||
|
body.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
} else if (state === "light") {
|
||||||
|
body.removeAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", data);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
initTheme(localStorage.getItem("theme"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => body.classList.remove("notransition"), 75);
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include navbar.html %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="wrapper">
|
||||||
|
<main aria-label="Content">
|
||||||
|
<div class="not-found">
|
||||||
|
<div class="container">
|
||||||
|
<div class="title">404</div>
|
||||||
|
<a class="solution" href="{{ site.url }}">get me the fuck out of here</a>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
{% include footer.html %}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
4
src/_layouts/compress.html
Normal file
4
src/_layouts/compress.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if site.compress_html.ignore.envs contains jekyll.environment %}{{ content }}{% else %}{% capture _content %}{{ content }}{% endcapture %}{% if site.compress_html.endings == "all" %}{% assign _endings = "html head body li dt dd p rt rp optgroup option colgroup caption thead tbody tfoot tr td th" | split: " " %}{% else %}{% assign _endings = site.compress_html.endings %}{% endif %}{% for _element in _endings %}{% capture _end %}</{{ _element }}>{% endcapture %}{% assign _content = _content | remove: _end %}{% endfor %}{% if site.compress_html.comments.size == 2 %}{% assign _comment_befores = _content | split: site.compress_html.comments.first %}{% for _comment_before in _comment_befores %}{% assign _comment_content = _comment_before | split: site.compress_html.comments.last | first %}{% if _comment_content %}{% capture _comment %}{{ site.compress_html.comments.first }}{{ _comment_content }}{{ site.compress_html.comments.last }}{% endcapture %}{% assign _content = _content | remove: _comment %}{% endif %}{% endfor %}{% endif %}{% assign _pre_befores = _content | split: "<pre" %}{% assign _content = "" %}{% for _pre_before in _pre_befores %}{% assign _pres = _pre_before | split: "</pre>" %}{% case _pres.size %}{% when 2 %}{% capture _content %}{{ _content }}<pre{{ _pres.first }}</pre>{{ _pres.last | split: " " | join: " " }}{% endcapture %}{% when 1 %}{% capture _content %}{{ _content }}{{ _pres.last | split: " " | join: " " }}{% endcapture %}{% endcase %}{% endfor %}{% if site.compress_html.clippings == "all" %}{% assign _clippings = "html head title base link meta style body article section nav aside h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 hgroup header footer address p hr blockquote ol ul li dl dt dd figure figcaption main div table caption colgroup col tbody thead tfoot tr td th" | split: " " %}{% else %}{% assign _clippings = site.compress_html.clippings %}{% endif %}{% for _element in _clippings %}{% assign _edges = " <e;<e; </e>;</e>;</e> ;</e>" | replace: "e", _element | split: ";" %}{% assign _content = _content | replace: _edges[0], _edges[1] | replace: _edges[2], _edges[3] | replace: _edges[4], _edges[5] %}{% endfor %}{{ _content }}{% endif %}
|
||||||
38
src/_layouts/default.html
Normal file
38
src/_layouts/default.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: compress
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="{{ page.lang | default: site.lang | default: " en " }}">
|
||||||
|
{% include header.html %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<body data-theme="{{ site.mode }}" class="notransition">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<script>
|
||||||
|
const body = document.body;
|
||||||
|
const data = body.getAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const initTheme = (state) => {
|
||||||
|
if (state === "dark") {
|
||||||
|
body.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
} else if (state === "light") {
|
||||||
|
body.removeAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", data);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
initTheme(localStorage.getItem("theme"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => body.classList.remove("notransition"), 75);
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include navbar.html %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="wrapper">
|
||||||
|
{% include author.html %}
|
||||||
|
<main aria-label="Content">
|
||||||
|
{{ content }}
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
{% include footer.html %}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
14
src/_layouts/home.html
Normal file
14
src/_layouts/home.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: default
|
||||||
|
home: true
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<h3 class="posts-item-note" aria-label="Recent Posts">Recent Posts</h3>
|
||||||
|
{%- for post in site.posts limit: site.number_of_posts -%}
|
||||||
|
<article class="post-item">
|
||||||
|
<span class="post-item-date">{{ post.date | date: "%b %d, %Y" }}</span>
|
||||||
|
<h4 class="post-item-title">
|
||||||
|
<a href="{{ post.url }}">{{ post.title | escape }}</a>
|
||||||
|
</h4>
|
||||||
|
</article>
|
||||||
|
{%- endfor -%}
|
||||||
43
src/_layouts/page.html
Normal file
43
src/_layouts/page.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: compress
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="{{ page.lang | default: site.lang | default: " en " }}">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include header.html %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<body data-theme="{{ site.mode }}" class="notransition">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<script>
|
||||||
|
const body = document.body;
|
||||||
|
const data = body.getAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const initTheme = (state) => {
|
||||||
|
if (state === "dark") {
|
||||||
|
body.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
} else if (state === "light") {
|
||||||
|
body.removeAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", data);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
initTheme(localStorage.getItem("theme"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => body.classList.remove("notransition"), 75);
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include navbar.html %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="wrapper">
|
||||||
|
<header class="header">
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="header-title center" itemprop="headline">{{ page.title | escape }}.</h1>
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
<main class="page-content" aria-label="Content">
|
||||||
|
{% include anchor_headings.html html=content anchorClass="anchor-head" beforeHeading=true h_min=4 h_max=4 %}
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
{% include footer.html %}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
94
src/_layouts/post.html
Normal file
94
src/_layouts/post.html
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: compress
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||||||
|
<html lang="{{ page.lang | default: site.lang | default: "en" }}">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include header.html %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<body data-theme="{{ site.mode }}" class="notransition">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<script>
|
||||||
|
const body = document.body;
|
||||||
|
const data = body.getAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const initTheme = (state) => {
|
||||||
|
if (state === "dark") {
|
||||||
|
body.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
} else if (state === "light") {
|
||||||
|
body.removeAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", data);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
initTheme(localStorage.getItem("theme"));
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
setTimeout(() => body.classList.remove("notransition"), 75);
|
||||||
|
</script>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include navbar.html %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="wrapper post">
|
||||||
|
<main class="page-content" aria-label="Content">
|
||||||
|
<article itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BlogPosting">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<header class="header">
|
||||||
|
{% if page.tags and page.tags != empty %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="tags">
|
||||||
|
{% assign tags = page.tags %}
|
||||||
|
<span itemprop="keywords">
|
||||||
|
{% for tag in tags %}
|
||||||
|
<a class="tag"
|
||||||
|
href="/tags/#{{tag | downcase | slugify}}">{{tag | upcase }}</a>{% unless forloop.last %},{% endunless %}
|
||||||
|
{% endfor %}
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
<h1 class="header-title" itemprop="headline">{{ page.title | escape }}</h1>
|
||||||
|
{% if page.date %}
|
||||||
|
<div class="post-meta">
|
||||||
|
<time datetime="{{ page.date | date_to_xmlschema }}" itemprop="datePublished">
|
||||||
|
{{ page.date | date: "%b %d, %Y" }}
|
||||||
|
</time>
|
||||||
|
<span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person">
|
||||||
|
<span itemprop="name">{{ site.author.name }}</span>
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
<time hidden datetime="{{ page.modified | date_to_xmlschema }}" itemprop="dateModified">
|
||||||
|
{{ page.date | date: "%b %d, %Y" }}
|
||||||
|
</time>
|
||||||
|
<span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemtype="Person">{{ site.author.name }}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span hidden itemprop="image">{{ page.image }}</span>
|
||||||
|
<span hidden itemprop="mainEntityOfPage">{{ page.excerpt }}</span>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
</header>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<div class="page-content" itemprop="articleBody">
|
||||||
|
{% include anchor_headings.html html=content anchorClass="anchor-head" beforeHeading=true h_min=1 h_max=4 %}
|
||||||
|
{% if page.tweet %}
|
||||||
|
<p>Comments this article on
|
||||||
|
<a href="https://twitter.com/{{site.twitter}}/status/{{page.tweet}}">Twitter</a>.
|
||||||
|
</p>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</article>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if page.comments %}
|
||||||
|
{% include comments.html %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</main>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% if page.modified %}
|
||||||
|
<small class="post-updated-at">updated_at {{page.modified | date: "%d-%m-%Y"}}</small>
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
{% if page.next or page.previous %}
|
||||||
|
{% include navigation.html %}
|
||||||
|
{% endif %}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{% include footer.html %}
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
</body>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</html>
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Using Ansible to alter Kernel Parameters
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-06-19 09:31:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: ansible grub linux
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For months, I've had a peculiar problem with my laptop: once in a while, seemingly without reason, my laptop screen would freeze.
|
||||||
|
This only happened on my laptop screen, and not on an external monitor.
|
||||||
|
I had kind of learned to live with it as I couldn't find a solution online.
|
||||||
|
The only remedy I had was reloading my window manager, which would often unfreeze the screen.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Yesterday I tried Googling once more and I actually found [a thread](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=246841) about it on the Arch Linux forums!
|
||||||
|
They talk about the same laptop model, the Lenovo ThinkPad x260, having the problem.
|
||||||
|
Fortunately, they also propose [a temporary fix](https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1888932#p1888932).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Trying the Fix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Apparently, a problem with the Panel Self Refresh (PSR) feature of Intel iGPUs is the culprit.
|
||||||
|
According to the [Linux source code](https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/45a3e24f65e90a047bef86f927ebdc4c710edaa1/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/display/intel_psr.c#L42), PSR enables the display to go into a lower standby mode when the sytem is idle but the screen is in use.
|
||||||
|
These lower standby modes can reduce power usage of your device when idling.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This all seems useful, except when it makes your screen freeze!
|
||||||
|
The proposed fix disables the PSR feature entirely.
|
||||||
|
To do this, we need to change a parameter to the Intel Graphics Linux Kernel Module (LKM).
|
||||||
|
The LKM for Intel Graphics is called `i915`.
|
||||||
|
There are [multiple ways](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Kernel_parameters) to change kernel parameters, but I chose to edit my Grub configuration.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
First, I wanted to test whether it actually works.
|
||||||
|
When booting into my Linux partition via Grub, you can press `e` to edit the Grub definition.
|
||||||
|
Somewhere there, you can find the `linux` command which specifies to boot Linux and how to do that.
|
||||||
|
I simply appended the option `i915.enable_psr=0` to this line.
|
||||||
|
After rebooting, I noticed my screen no longer freezes!
|
||||||
|
Success!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Persisting the Fix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To make the change permanent, we need to permanently change Grub's configuration.
|
||||||
|
One way to do this, is by changing Grub's defaults in `/etc/default/grub`.
|
||||||
|
Namely, the `GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT` option specifies what options Grub should pass to the Linux kernel by default.
|
||||||
|
For me, this is a nice solution as the problem exists for both Linux OSes I have installed.
|
||||||
|
I changed this option to:
|
||||||
|
```ini
|
||||||
|
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash i915.enable_psr=0"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Next, I wanted to automate this solution using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
This turned out to be quite easy, as the Grub configuration looks a bit like an ini file (maybe it is?):
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
- name: Edit grub to disable Panel Self Refresh
|
||||||
|
become: true
|
||||||
|
ini_file:
|
||||||
|
path: /etc/default/grub
|
||||||
|
section: null
|
||||||
|
option: "GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT"
|
||||||
|
value: '"quiet splash i915.enable_psr=0"'
|
||||||
|
no_extra_spaces: true
|
||||||
|
notify: update grub
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Lastly, I created the `notify` hook to update the Grub configuration:
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
- name: update grub
|
||||||
|
become: true
|
||||||
|
command:
|
||||||
|
cmd: update-grub
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Update: Just use Nix
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Lately, I have been learning a bit of NixOS with the intention of replacing my current setup.
|
||||||
|
Compared to Ansible, applying this fix is a breeze on NixOS:
|
||||||
|
```nix
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
boot.kernelParams = [ "i915.enable_psr=0" ];
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
That's it, yep.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Conclusion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It turned out to be quite easy to change Linux kernel parameters using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
Maybe some kernel gurus have better ways to change parameters, but this works for me for now.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As a sidenote, I started reading a bit more about NixOS and realised that it can solve issues like these much more nicely than Ansible does.
|
||||||
|
I might replace my OS with NixOS some day, if I manage to rewrite my Ansible for it.
|
||||||
60
src/_posts/backup-failure/2023-08-08-backup-failure.md
Normal file
60
src/_posts/backup-failure/2023-08-08-backup-failure.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Error Handling in Borgmatic
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-08-08 11:51:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: backup borg borgmatic
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[BorgBackup](https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/) and [Borgmatic](https://torsion.org/borgmatic/) have been my go-to tools to create backups for my home lab since I started creating backups.
|
||||||
|
Using [Systemd Timers](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/systemd/Timers), I regularly create a backup every night.
|
||||||
|
I also monitor successful execution of the backup process, in case some error occurs.
|
||||||
|
However, the way I set this up resulted in not receiving notifications.
|
||||||
|
Even though it boils down to RTFM, I'd like to explain my error and how to handle errors correctly.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I was using the `on_error` option to handle errors, like so:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
on_error:
|
||||||
|
- 'apprise --body="Error while performing backup" <URL> || true'
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
However, `on_error` does not handle errors from the execution of `before_everything` and `after_everything` hooks.
|
||||||
|
My solution to this was moving the error handling up to the Systemd service that calls Borgmatic.
|
||||||
|
This results in the following Systemd service:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```systemd
|
||||||
|
[Unit]
|
||||||
|
Description=Backup data using Borgmatic
|
||||||
|
# Added
|
||||||
|
OnFailure=backup-failure.service
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Service]
|
||||||
|
ExecStart=/usr/bin/borgmatic --config /root/backup.yml
|
||||||
|
Type=oneshot
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This handles any error, be it from Borgmatic's hooks or itself.
|
||||||
|
The `backup-failure` service is very simple, and just calls Apprise to send a notification:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```systemd
|
||||||
|
[Unit]
|
||||||
|
Description=Send backup failure notification
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Service]
|
||||||
|
Type=oneshot
|
||||||
|
ExecStart=apprise --body="Failed to create backup!" <URL>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Install]
|
||||||
|
WantedBy=multi-user.target
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# The Aftermath (or what I learned)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Because the error handling and alerting weren't working propertly, my backups didn't succeed for two weeks straight.
|
||||||
|
And, of course, you only notice your backups aren't working when you actually need them.
|
||||||
|
This is exactly what happened: my disk was full and a MariaDB database crashed as a result of that.
|
||||||
|
Actually, the whole database seemed to be corrupt and I find it worrying MariaDB does not seem to be very resilient to failures (in comparison a PostgreSQL database was able to recover automatically).
|
||||||
|
I then tried to recover the data using last night's backup, only to find out there was no such backup.
|
||||||
|
Fortunately, I had other means to recover the data so I incurred no data loss.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I already knew it is important to test backups, but I learned it is also important to test failures during backups!
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Sending Apprise Notifications from Concourse CI
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-06-14 23:39:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: concourse apprise
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Recently, I deployed [Concourse CI](https://concourse-ci.org/) because I wanted to get my feet wet with a CI/CD pipeline.
|
||||||
|
However, I had a practical use case lying around for a long time: automatically compiling my static website and deploying it to my docker Swarm.
|
||||||
|
This took some time getting right, but the result works like a charm ([source code](https://git.kun.is/pim/static)).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It's comforting to know I don't have move a finger and my website is automatically deployed.
|
||||||
|
However, I would still like to receive some indication of what's happening.
|
||||||
|
And what's a better way to do that, than using my [Apprise](https://github.com/caronc/apprise) service to keep me up to date.
|
||||||
|
There's a little snag though: I could not find any Concourse resource that does this.
|
||||||
|
That's when I decided to just create it myself.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# The Plagiarism Hunt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As any good computer person, I am lazy.
|
||||||
|
I'd rather just copy someone's work, so that's what I did.
|
||||||
|
I found [this](https://github.com/mockersf/concourse-slack-notifier) GitHub repository that does the same thing but for Slack notifications.
|
||||||
|
For some reason it's archived, but it seemed like it should work.
|
||||||
|
I actually noticed lots of repositories for Concourse resource types are archived, so not sure what's going on there.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Getting to know Concourse
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Let's first understand what we need to do reach our end goal of sending Apprise notifications from Concourse.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A Concourse pipeline takes some inputs, performs some operations on them which result in some outputs.
|
||||||
|
These inputs and outputs are called _resources_ in Concourse.
|
||||||
|
For example, a Git repository could be a resource.
|
||||||
|
Each resource is an instance of a _resource type_.
|
||||||
|
A resource type therefore is simply a blueprint that can create multiple resources.
|
||||||
|
To continue the example, a resource type could be "Git repository".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We therefore need to create our own resource type that can send Apprise notifications.
|
||||||
|
A resource type is simply a container that includes three scripts:
|
||||||
|
- `check`: check for a new version of a resource
|
||||||
|
- `in`: retrieve a version of the resource
|
||||||
|
- `out`: create a version of the resource
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As Apprise notifications are basically fire-and-forget, we will only implement the `out` script.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Writing the `out` script
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The whole script can be found [here](https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/branch/master/out), but I will explain the most important bits of it.
|
||||||
|
Note that I only use Apprise's persistent storage solution, and not its stateless solution.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Concourse provides us with the working directory, which we `cd` to:
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
cd "${1}"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We create a timestamp, formatted in JSON, which we will use for the resource's new version later.
|
||||||
|
Concourse requires us to set a version for the resource, but since Apprise notifications don't have that, we use the timestamp:
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
timestamp="$(jq -n "{version:{timestamp:\"$(date +%s)\"}}")"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
First some black magic Bash to redirect file descriptors.
|
||||||
|
Not sure why this is needed, but I copied it anyways.
|
||||||
|
After that, we create a temporary file holding resource's parameters.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
exec 3>&1
|
||||||
|
exec 1>&2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
payload=$(mktemp /tmp/resource-in.XXXXXX)
|
||||||
|
cat > "${payload}" <&0
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We then extract the individual parameters.
|
||||||
|
The `source` key contains values how the resource type was specified, while the `params` key specifies parameters for this specific resource.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
apprise_host="$(jq -r '.source.host' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
apprise_key="$(jq -r '.source.key' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
alert_body="$(jq -r '.params.body' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
alert_title="$(jq -r '.params.title // null' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
alert_type="$(jq -r '.params.type // null' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
alert_tag="$(jq -r '.params.tag // null' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
alert_format="$(jq -r '.params.format // null' < "${payload}")"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We then format the different parameters using JSON:
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
alert_body="$(eval "printf \"${alert_body}\"" | jq -R -s .)"
|
||||||
|
[ "${alert_title}" != "null" ] && alert_title="$(eval "printf \"${alert_title}\"" | jq -R -s .)"
|
||||||
|
[ "${alert_type}" != "null" ] && alert_type="$(eval "printf \"${alert_type}\"" | jq -R -s .)"
|
||||||
|
[ "${alert_tag}" != "null" ] && alert_tag="$(eval "printf \"${alert_tag}\"" | jq -R -s .)"
|
||||||
|
[ "${alert_format}" != "null" ] && alert_format="$(eval "printf \"${alert_format}\"" | jq -R -s .)"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Next, from the individual parameters we construct the final JSON message body we send to the Apprise endpoint.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
body="$(cat <<EOF
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"body": ${alert_body},
|
||||||
|
"title": ${alert_title},
|
||||||
|
"type": ${alert_type},
|
||||||
|
"tag": ${alert_tag},
|
||||||
|
"format": ${alert_format}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
EOF
|
||||||
|
)"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Before sending it just yet, we compact the JSON and remove any values that are `null`:
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
compact_body="$(echo "${body}" | jq -c '.')"
|
||||||
|
echo "$compact_body" | jq 'del(..|nulls)' > /tmp/compact_body.json
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Here is the most important line, where we send the payload to the Apprise endpoint.
|
||||||
|
It's quite straight-forward.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
curl -v -X POST -T /tmp/compact_body.json -H "Content-Type: application/json" "${apprise_host}/notify/${apprise_key}"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Finally, we print the timestamp (fake version) in order to appease the Concourse gods.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
echo "${timestamp}" >&3
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Building the Container
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As said earlier, to actually use this script, we need to add it to a image.
|
||||||
|
I won't be explaining this whole process, but the source can be found [here](https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/branch/master/pipeline.yml).
|
||||||
|
The most important take-aways are these:
|
||||||
|
- Use `concourse/oci-build-task` to build a image from a Dockerfile.
|
||||||
|
- Use `registry-image` to push the image to an image registry.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Using the Resource Type
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Using our newly created resource type is surprisingly simple.
|
||||||
|
I use it for the blog you are reading right now and the pipeline definition can be found [here](https://git.kun.is/pim/static/src/branch/main/pipeline.yml).
|
||||||
|
Here we specify the resource type in a Concourse pipeline:
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
resource_types:
|
||||||
|
- name: apprise
|
||||||
|
type: registry-image
|
||||||
|
source:
|
||||||
|
repository: git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier
|
||||||
|
tag: "1.1.1"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We simply have to tell Concourse where to find the image, and which tag we want.
|
||||||
|
Next, we instantiate the resource type to create a resource:
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
resources:
|
||||||
|
- name: apprise-notification
|
||||||
|
type: apprise
|
||||||
|
source:
|
||||||
|
host: https://apprise.kun.is:444
|
||||||
|
key: concourse
|
||||||
|
icon: bell
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We simply specify the host to send Apprise notifications to.
|
||||||
|
Yeah, I even gave it a little bell because it's cute.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All that's left to do, is actually send the notification.
|
||||||
|
Let's see how that is done:
|
||||||
|
```yaml
|
||||||
|
- name: deploy-static-website
|
||||||
|
plan:
|
||||||
|
- task: deploy-site
|
||||||
|
config: ...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
on_success:
|
||||||
|
put: apprise-notification
|
||||||
|
params:
|
||||||
|
title: "Static website deployed!"
|
||||||
|
body: "New version: $(cat version/version)"
|
||||||
|
no_get: true
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As can be seen, the Apprise notification can be triggered when a task is executed successfully.
|
||||||
|
We do this using the `put` command, which execute the `out` script underwater.
|
||||||
|
We set the notification's title and body, and send it!
|
||||||
|
The result is seen below in my Ntfy app, which Apprise forwards the message to:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And to finish this off, here is what it looks like in the Concourse web UI:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Conclusion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Concourse's way of representing everything as an image/container is really interesting in my opinion.
|
||||||
|
A resource type is quite easily implemented as well, although Bash might not be the optimal way to do this.
|
||||||
|
I've seen some people implement it in Rust, which might be a good excuse to finally learn that language :)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Apart from Apprise notifications, I'm planning on creating a resource type to deploy to a Docker swarm eventually.
|
||||||
|
This seems like a lot harder than simply sending notifications though.
|
||||||
BIN
src/_posts/concourse-apprise-notifier/ntfy.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/concourse-apprise-notifier/ntfy.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 202 KiB |
BIN
src/_posts/concourse-apprise-notifier/pipeline.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/concourse-apprise-notifier/pipeline.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 36 KiB |
74
src/_posts/fluent-bit-memory/2023-08-09-fluent-bit-memory.md
Normal file
74
src/_posts/fluent-bit-memory/2023-08-09-fluent-bit-memory.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Monitoring Correct Memory Usage in Fluent Bit
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-08-09 16:19:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: fluentd fluentbit memory
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Previously, I have used [Prometheus' node_exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter) to monitor the memory usage of my servers.
|
||||||
|
However, I am currently in the process of moving away from Prometheus to a new Monioring stack.
|
||||||
|
While I understand the advantages, I felt like Prometheus' pull architecture does not scale nicely.
|
||||||
|
Everytime I spin up a new machine, I would have to centrally change Prometheus' configuration in order for it to query the new server.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In order to collect metrics from my servers, I am now using [Fluent Bit](https://fluentbit.io/).
|
||||||
|
I love Fluent Bit's way of configuration which I can easily express as code and automate, its focus on effiency and being vendor agnostic.
|
||||||
|
However, I have stumbled upon one, in my opinion, big issue with Fluent Bit: its `mem` plugin to monitor memory usage is _completely_ useless.
|
||||||
|
In this post I will go over the problem and my temporary solution.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# The Problem with Fluent Bit's `mem` Plugin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As can be seen in [the documentation](https://docs.fluentbit.io/manual/pipeline/inputs/memory-metrics), Fluent Bit's `mem` input plugin exposes a few metrics regarding memory usage which should be self-explaining: `Mem.total`, `Mem.used`, `Mem.free`, `Swap.total`, `Swap.used` and `Swap.free`.
|
||||||
|
The problem is that `Mem.used` and `Mem.free` do not accurately reflect the machine's actual memory usage.
|
||||||
|
This is because these metrics include caches and buffers, which can be reclaimed by other processes if needed.
|
||||||
|
Most tools reporting memory usage therefore include an additional metric that specifices the memory _available_ on the system.
|
||||||
|
For example, the command `free -m` reports the following data on my laptop:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
total used free shared buff/cache available
|
||||||
|
Mem: 15864 3728 7334 518 5647 12136
|
||||||
|
Swap: 2383 663 1720
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Notice that the `available` memory is more than `free` memory.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
While the issue is known (see [this](https://github.com/fluent/fluent-bit/pull/3092) and [this](https://github.com/fluent/fluent-bit/pull/5237) link), it is unfortunately not yet fixed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# A Temporary Solution
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The issues I linked previously provide stand-alone plugins that fix the problem, which will hopefully be merged in the official project at some point.
|
||||||
|
However, I didn't want to install another plugin so I used Fluent Bit's `exec` input plugin and the `free` Linux command to query memory usage like so:
|
||||||
|
```conf
|
||||||
|
[INPUT]
|
||||||
|
Name exec
|
||||||
|
Tag memory
|
||||||
|
Command free -m | tail -2 | tr '\n' ' '
|
||||||
|
Interval_Sec 1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To interpret the command's output, I created the following filter:
|
||||||
|
```conf
|
||||||
|
[FILTER]
|
||||||
|
Name parser
|
||||||
|
Match memory
|
||||||
|
Key_Name exec
|
||||||
|
Parser free
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Lastly, I created the following parser (warning: regex shitcode incoming):
|
||||||
|
```conf
|
||||||
|
[PARSER]
|
||||||
|
Name free
|
||||||
|
Format regex
|
||||||
|
Regex ^Mem:\s+(?<mem_total>\d+)\s+(?<mem_used>\d+)\s+(?<mem_free>\d+)\s+(?<mem_shared>\d+)\s+(?<mem_buff_cache>\d+)\s+(?<mem_available>\d+) Swap:\s+(?<swap_total>\d+)\s+(?<swap_used>\d+)\s+(?<swap_free>\d+)
|
||||||
|
Types mem_total:integer mem_used:integer mem_free:integer mem_shared:integer mem_buff_cache:integer mem_available:integer swap_total:integer swap_used:integer
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With this configuration, you can use the `mem_available` metric to get accurate memory usage in Fluent Bit.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Conclusion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Let's hope Fluent Bit's `mem` input plugin is improved upon soon so this hacky solution is not needed.
|
||||||
|
I also intend to document my new monitoring pipeline, which at the moment consists of:
|
||||||
|
- Fluent Bit
|
||||||
|
- Fluentd
|
||||||
|
- Elasticsearch
|
||||||
|
- Grafana
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Hashicorp's License Change and my Home Lab - Update
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-08-17 18:15:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: hashicorp terraform vault nomad
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
_See the [Update](#update) at the end of the article._
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Already a week ago, Hashicorp [announced](https://www.hashicorp.com/blog/hashicorp-adopts-business-source-license) it would change the license on almost all its projects.
|
||||||
|
Unlike [their previous license](https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform/commit/ab411a1952f5b28e6c4bd73071194761da36a83f), which was the Mozilla Public License 2.0, their new license is no longer truly open source.
|
||||||
|
It is called the Business Source License™ and restricts use of their software for competitors.
|
||||||
|
In their own words:
|
||||||
|
> Vendors who provide competitive services built on our community products will no longer be able to incorporate future releases, bug fixes, or security patches contributed to our products.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I found [a great article](https://meshedinsights.com/2021/02/02/rights-ratchet/) by MeshedInsights that names this behaviour the "rights ratchet model".
|
||||||
|
They define a script start-ups use to garner the interest of open source enthusiasts but eventually turn their back on them for profit.
|
||||||
|
The reason why Hashicorp can do this, is because contributors signed a copyright license agreement (CLA).
|
||||||
|
This agreement transfers the copyright of contributors' code to Hashicorp, allowing them to change the license if they want to.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I find this action really regrettable because I like their products.
|
||||||
|
This sort of action was also why I wanted to avoid using an Elastic stack, which also had their [license changed](https://www.elastic.co/pricing/faq/licensing).[^elastic]
|
||||||
|
These companies do not respect their contributors and the software stack beneath they built their product on, which is actually open source (Golang, Linux, etc.).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Impact on my Home Lab
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I am using Terraform in my home lab to manage several important things:
|
||||||
|
- Libvirt virtual machines
|
||||||
|
- PowerDNS records
|
||||||
|
- Elasticsearch configuration
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With Hashicorp's anti open source move, I intend to move away from Terraform in the future.
|
||||||
|
While I will not use Hashicorp's products for new personal projects, I will leave my current setup as-is for some time because there is no real need to quickly migrate.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I might also investigate some of Terraform's competitors, like Pulumi.
|
||||||
|
Hopefully there is a project that respects open source which I can use in the future.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Update
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A promising fork of Terraform has been announced called [OpenTF](https://opentf.org/announcement).
|
||||||
|
They intend to take part of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, which I think is a good effort because Terraform is so important for modern cloud infrastructures.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Footnotes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[^elastic]: While I am still using Elasticsearch, I don't use the rest of the Elastic stack in order to prevent a vendor lock-in.
|
||||||
184
src/_posts/homebrew-ssh-ca/2023-05-23-homebrew-ssh-ca.md
Normal file
184
src/_posts/homebrew-ssh-ca/2023-05-23-homebrew-ssh-ca.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Homebrew SSH Certificate Authority for the Terraform Libvirt Provider
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-05-23 11:14:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: ssh terraform ansible
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Ever SSH'ed into a freshly installed server and gotten the following annoying message?
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
The authenticity of host 'host.tld (1.2.3.4)' can't be established.
|
||||||
|
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:eUXGdm1YdsMAS7vkdx6dOJdOGHdem5gQp4tadCfdLB8.
|
||||||
|
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Or even more annoying:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
|
||||||
|
@ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @
|
||||||
|
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
|
||||||
|
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
|
||||||
|
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
|
||||||
|
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
|
||||||
|
The fingerprint for the ED25519 key sent by the remote host is
|
||||||
|
SHA256:eUXGdm1YdsMAS7vkdx6dOJdOGHdem5gQp4tadCfdLB8.
|
||||||
|
Please contact your system administrator.
|
||||||
|
Add correct host key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
|
||||||
|
Offending ED25519 key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:3
|
||||||
|
remove with:
|
||||||
|
ssh-keygen -f "/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts" -R "1.2.3.4"
|
||||||
|
ED25519 host key for 1.2.3.4 has changed and you have requested strict checking.
|
||||||
|
Host key verification failed.
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Could it be that the programmers at OpenSSH simply like to annoy us with these confusing messages?
|
||||||
|
Maybe, but these warnings also serve as a way to notify users of a potential Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack.
|
||||||
|
I won't go into the details of this problem, but I refer you to [this excellent blog post](https://blog.g3rt.nl/ssh-host-key-validation-strict-yet-user-friendly.html).
|
||||||
|
Instead, I would like to talk about ways to solve these annoying warnings.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
One obvious solution is simply to add each host to your `known_hosts` file.
|
||||||
|
This works okay when managing a handful of servers, but becomes unbearable when managing many servers.
|
||||||
|
In my case, I wanted to quickly spin up virtual machines using Duncan Mac-Vicar's [Terraform Libvirt provider](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/dmacvicar/libvirt/latest/docs), without having to accept their host key before connecting.
|
||||||
|
The solution? Issuing SSH host certificates using an SSH certificate authority.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## SSH Certificate Authorities vs. the Web
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The idea of an SSH certificate authority (CA) is quite easy to grasp, if you understand the web's Public Key Infrastructure (PKI).
|
||||||
|
Just like with the web, a trusted party can issue certificates that are offered when establishing a connection.
|
||||||
|
The idea is, just by trusting the trusted party, you trust every certificate they issue.
|
||||||
|
In the case of the web's PKI, this trusted party is bundled and trusted by [your browser](https://wiki.mozilla.org/CA) or operating system.
|
||||||
|
However, in the case of SSH, the trusted party is you! (Okay you can also trust your own web certificate authority)
|
||||||
|
With this great power, comes great responsibility which we will abuse heavily in this article.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## SSH Certificate Authority for Terraform
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So, let's start with a plan.
|
||||||
|
I want to spawn virtual machines with Terraform which which are automatically provisioned with a SSH host certificate issued by my CA.
|
||||||
|
This CA will be another host on my private network, issuing certificates over SSH.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Fetching the SSH Host Certificate
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
First we generate an SSH key pair in Terraform.
|
||||||
|
Below is the code for that:
|
||||||
|
```terraform
|
||||||
|
resource "tls_private_key" "debian" {
|
||||||
|
algorithm = "ED25519"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
data "tls_public_key" "debian" {
|
||||||
|
private_key_pem = tls_private_key.debian.private_key_pem
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Now that we have an SSH key pair, we need to somehow make Terraform communicate this with the CA.
|
||||||
|
Lucky for us, there is a way for Terraform to execute an arbitrary command with the `external` data feature.
|
||||||
|
We call this script below:
|
||||||
|
```terraform
|
||||||
|
data "external" "cert" {
|
||||||
|
program = ["bash", "${path.module}/get_cert.sh"]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
query = {
|
||||||
|
pubkey = trimspace(data.tls_public_key.debian.public_key_openssh)
|
||||||
|
host = var.name
|
||||||
|
cahost = var.ca_host
|
||||||
|
cascript = var.ca_script
|
||||||
|
cakey = var.ca_key
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
These query parameters will end up in the script's stdin in JSON format.
|
||||||
|
We can then read these parameters, and send them to the CA over SSH.
|
||||||
|
The result must as well be in JSON format.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
#!/bin/bash
|
||||||
|
set -euo pipefail
|
||||||
|
IFS=$'\n\t'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Read the query parameters
|
||||||
|
eval "$(jq -r '@sh "PUBKEY=\(.pubkey) HOST=\(.host) CAHOST=\(.cahost) CASCRIPT=\(.cascript) CAKEY=\(.cakey)"')"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Fetch certificate from the CA
|
||||||
|
# Warning: extremely ugly code that I am to lazy to fix
|
||||||
|
CERT=$(ssh -o ConnectTimeout=3 -o ConnectionAttempts=1 root@$CAHOST '"'"$CASCRIPT"'" host "'"$CAKEY"'" "'"$PUBKEY"'" "'"$HOST"'".dmz')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
jq -n --arg cert "$CERT" '{"cert":$cert}'
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We see that a script is called on the remote host that issues the certificate.
|
||||||
|
This is just a simple wrapper around `ssh-keygen`, which you can see below.
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
#!/bin/bash
|
||||||
|
set -euo pipefail
|
||||||
|
IFS=$'\n\t'
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
host() {
|
||||||
|
CAKEY="$2"
|
||||||
|
PUBKEY="$3"
|
||||||
|
HOST="$4"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
echo "$PUBKEY" > /root/ca/"$HOST".pub
|
||||||
|
ssh-keygen -h -s /root/ca/keys/"$CAKEY" -I "$HOST" -n "$HOST" /root/ca/"$HOST".pub
|
||||||
|
cat /root/ca/"$HOST"-cert.pub
|
||||||
|
rm /root/ca/"$HOST"*.pub
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
"$1" "$@"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Appeasing the Terraform Gods
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
So nice, we can fetch the SSH host certificate from the CA.
|
||||||
|
We should just be able to use it right?
|
||||||
|
We can, but it brings a big annoyance with it: Terraform will fetch a new certificate every time it is run.
|
||||||
|
This is because the `external` feature of Terraform is a data source.
|
||||||
|
If we were to use this data source for a Terraform resource, it would need to be updated every time we run Terraform.
|
||||||
|
I have not been able to find a way to avoid fetching the certificate every time, except for writing my own resource provider which I'd rather not.
|
||||||
|
I have, however, found a way to hack around the issue.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The idea is as follows: we can use Terraform's `ignore_changes` to, well, ignore any changes of a resource.
|
||||||
|
Unfortunately, we cannot use this for a `data` source, so we must create a glue `null_resource` that supports `ignore_changes`.
|
||||||
|
This is shown in the code snipppet below.
|
||||||
|
We use the `triggers` property simply to copy the certificate in; we don't use it for it's original purpose.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```terraform
|
||||||
|
resource "null_resource" "cert" {
|
||||||
|
triggers = {
|
||||||
|
cert = data.external.cert.result["cert"]
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
lifecycle {
|
||||||
|
ignore_changes = [
|
||||||
|
triggers
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And voilà, we can now use `null_resource.cert.triggers["cert"]` as our certificate, that won't trigger replacements in Terraform.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Setting the Host Certificate with Cloud-Init
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Terraform's Libvirt provider has native support for Cloud-Init, which is very handy.
|
||||||
|
We can give the host certificate directly to Cloud-Init and place it on the virtual machine.
|
||||||
|
Inside the Cloud-Init configuration, we can set the `ssh_keys` property to do this:
|
||||||
|
```yml
|
||||||
|
ssh_keys:
|
||||||
|
ed25519_private: |
|
||||||
|
${indent(4, private_key)}
|
||||||
|
ed25519_certificate: "${host_cert}"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I hardcoded this to ED25519 keys, because this is all I use.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This works perfectly, and I never have to accept host certificates from virtual machines again.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Caveats
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A sharp eye might have noticed the lifecycle of these host certificates is severely lacking.
|
||||||
|
Namely, the deployed host certificates have no expiration date nore is there revocation function.
|
||||||
|
There are ways to implement these, but for my home lab I did not deem this necessary at this point.
|
||||||
|
In a more professional environment, I would suggest using [Hashicorp's Vault](https://www.vaultproject.io/).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This project did teach me about the limits and flexibility of Terraform, so all in all a success!
|
||||||
|
All code can be found on the git repository [here](https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules/src/branch/master/debian).
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: Home Lab Infrastructure Snapshot August 2023
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-08-27 22:23:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: infrastructure homelab
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I have been meaning to write about the current state of my home lab infrastructure for a while now.
|
||||||
|
Now that the most important parts are quite stable, I think the opportunity is ripe.
|
||||||
|
I expect this post to get quite long, so I might have to leave out some details along the way.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This post will be a starting point for future infrastructure snapshots which I can hopefully put out periodically.
|
||||||
|
That is, if there is enough worth talking about.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Keep an eye out for the <i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i> icon, which links to the source code and configuration of anything mentioned.
|
||||||
|
Oh yeah, did I mention everything I do is open source?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Networking and Infrastructure Overview
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Hardware and Operating Systems
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Let's start with the basics: what kind of hardware do I use for my home lab?
|
||||||
|
The most important servers are my three [Gigabyte Brix GB-BLCE-4105](https://www.gigabyte.com/Mini-PcBarebone/GB-BLCE-4105-rev-10).
|
||||||
|
Two of them have 16 GB of memory, and one 8 GB.
|
||||||
|
I named these servers as follows:
|
||||||
|
- **Atlas**: because this server was going to "lift" a lot of virtual machines.
|
||||||
|
- **Lewis**: we started out with a "Max" server named after the Formula 1 driver Max Verstappen, but it kind of became an unmanagable behemoth without infrastructure-as-code. Our second server we subsequently named Lewis after his colleague Lewis Hamilton. Note: people around me vetoed these names and I am no F1 fan!
|
||||||
|
- **Jefke**: it's a funny Belgian name. That's all.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Here is a picture of them sitting in their cosy closet:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you look look to the left, you will also see a Raspberry pi 4B.
|
||||||
|
I use this Pi to do some rudimentary monitoring whether servers and services are running.
|
||||||
|
More on this in the relevant section below.
|
||||||
|
The Pi is called **Iris** because it's a messenger for the other servers.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I used to run Ubuntu on these systems, but I have since migrated away to Debian.
|
||||||
|
The main reasons were Canonical [putting advertisements in my terminal](https://askubuntu.com/questions/1434512/how-to-get-rid-of-ubuntu-pro-advertisement-when-updating-apt) and pushing Snap which has a [proprietry backend](https://hackaday.com/2020/06/24/whats-the-deal-with-snap-packages/).
|
||||||
|
Two of my servers run the newly released Debian Bookworm, while one still runs Debian Bullseye.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Networking
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For networking, I wanted hypervisors and virtual machines separated by VLANs for security reasons.
|
||||||
|
The following picture shows a simplified view of the VLANs present in my home lab:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All virtual machines are connected to a virtual bridge which tags network traffic with the DMZ VLAN.
|
||||||
|
The hypervisors VLAN is used for traffic to and from the hypervisors.
|
||||||
|
Devices from the hypervisors VLAN are allowed to connect to devices in the DMZ, but not vice versa.
|
||||||
|
The hypervisors are connected to a switch using a trunk link, allows both DMZ and hypervisors traffic.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I realised the above design using ifupdown.
|
||||||
|
Below is the configuration for each hypervisor, which creates a new `enp3s0.30` interface with all DMZ traffic from the `enp3s0` interface [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/hypervisors/src/commit/71b96d462116e4160b6467533fc476f3deb9c306/ansible/dmz.conf.j2).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
auto enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
iface enp3s0.30 inet manual
|
||||||
|
iface enp3s0.30 inet6 auto
|
||||||
|
accept_ra 0
|
||||||
|
dhcp 0
|
||||||
|
request_prefix 0
|
||||||
|
privext 0
|
||||||
|
pre-up sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/enp3s0.30/disable_ipv6=1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This configuration seems more complex than it actually is.
|
||||||
|
Most of it is to make sure the interface is not assigned an IPv4/6 address on the hypervisor host.
|
||||||
|
The magic `.30` at the end of the interface name makes this interface tagged with VLAN ID 30 (DMZ for me).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Now that we have an interface tagged for the DMZ VLAN, we can create a bridge where future virtual machines can connect to:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
auto dmzbr
|
||||||
|
iface dmzbr inet manual
|
||||||
|
bridge_ports enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
bridge_stp off
|
||||||
|
iface dmzbr inet6 auto
|
||||||
|
accept_ra 0
|
||||||
|
dhcp 0
|
||||||
|
request_prefix 0
|
||||||
|
privext 0
|
||||||
|
pre-up sysctl -w net/ipv6/conf/dmzbr/disable_ipv6=1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Just like the previous config, this is quite bloated because I don't want the interface to be assigned an IP address on the host.
|
||||||
|
Most importantly, the `bridge_ports enp3s0.30` line here makes this interface a virtual bridge for the `enp3s0.30` interface.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
And voilà, we now have a virtual bridge on each machine, where only DMZ traffic will flow.
|
||||||
|
Here I verify whether this configuration works:
|
||||||
|
<details>
|
||||||
|
<summary>Show</summary>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We can see that the two virtual interfaces are created, and are only assigned a MAC address and not a IP address:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
root@atlas:~# ip a show enp3s0.30
|
||||||
|
4: enp3s0.30@enp3s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master dmzbr state UP group default qlen 1000
|
||||||
|
link/ether d8:5e:d3:4c:70:38 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
||||||
|
5: dmzbr: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
|
||||||
|
link/ether 4e:f7:1f:0f:ad:17 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Pinging a VM from a hypervisor works:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
root@atlas:~# ping -c1 maestro.dmz
|
||||||
|
PING maestro.dmz (192.168.30.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
||||||
|
64 bytes from 192.168.30.8 (192.168.30.8): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.457 ms
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Pinging a hypervisor from a VM does not work:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
root@maestro:~# ping -c1 atlas.hyp
|
||||||
|
PING atlas.hyp (192.168.40.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
--- atlas.hyp ping statistics ---
|
||||||
|
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
</details>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## DNS and DHCP
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Now that we have a working DMZ network, let's build on it to get DNS and DHCP working.
|
||||||
|
This will enable new virtual machines to obtain a static or dynamic IP address and register their host in DNS.
|
||||||
|
This has actually been incredibly annoying due to our friend [Network address translation (NAT)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation?useskin=vector).
|
||||||
|
<details>
|
||||||
|
<summary>NAT recap</summary>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Network address translation (NAT) is a function of a router which allows multiple hosts to share a single IP address.
|
||||||
|
This is needed for IPv4, because IPv4 addresses are scarce and usually one household is only assigned a single IPv4 address.
|
||||||
|
This is one of the problems IPv6 attempts to solve (mainly by having so many IP addresses that they should never run out).
|
||||||
|
To solve the problem for IPv4, each host in a network is assigned a private IPv4 address, which can be reused for every network.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Then, the router must perform address translation.
|
||||||
|
It does this by keeping track of ports opened by hosts in its private network.
|
||||||
|
If a packet from the internet arrives at the router for such a port, it forwards this packet to the correct host.
|
||||||
|
</details>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I would like to host my own DNS on a virtual machine (called **hermes**, more on VMs later) in the DMZ network.
|
||||||
|
This basically gives two problems:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. The upstream DNS server will refer to the public internet-accessible IP address of our DNS server.
|
||||||
|
This IP-address has no meaning inside the private network due to NAT and the router will reject the packet.
|
||||||
|
2. Our DNS resolves hosts to their public internet-accessible IP address.
|
||||||
|
This is similar to the previous problem as the public IP address has no meaning.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first problem can be remediated by overriding the location of the DNS server for hosts inside the DMZ network.
|
||||||
|
This can be achieved on my router, which uses Unbound as its recursive DNS server:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Any DNS requests to Unbound to domains in either `dmz` or `kun.is` will now be forwarded `192.168.30.7` (port 5353).
|
||||||
|
This is the virtual machine hosting my DNS.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The second problem can be solved at the DNS server.
|
||||||
|
We need to do some magic overriding, which [dnsmasq](https://dnsmasq.org/docs/dnsmasq-man.html) is perfect for [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/commit/488024a7725f2325b8992e7a386b4630023f1b52/ansible/roles/dnsmasq/files/dnsmasq.conf):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```conf
|
||||||
|
alias=84.245.14.149,192.168.30.8
|
||||||
|
server=/kun.is/192.168.30.7
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This always overrides the public IPv4 address to the private one.
|
||||||
|
It also overrides the DNS server for `kun.is` to `192.168.30.7`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Finally, behind the dnsmasq server, I run [Powerdns](https://www.powerdns.com/) as authoritative DNS server [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/branch/master/ansible/roles/powerdns).
|
||||||
|
I like this DNS server because I can manage it with Terraform [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/hermes/src/commit/488024a7725f2325b8992e7a386b4630023f1b52/terraform/dns/kun_is.tf).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Here is a small diagram showing my setup (my networking teacher would probably kill me for this):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Virtualization
|
||||||
|
https://github.com/containrrr/shepherd
|
||||||
|
Now that we have laid out the basic networking, let's talk virtualization.
|
||||||
|
Each of my servers are configured to run KVM virtual machines, orchestrated using Libvirt.
|
||||||
|
Configuration of the physical hypervisor servers, including KVM/Libvirt is done using Ansible.
|
||||||
|
The VMs are spun up using Terraform and the [dmacvicar/libvirt](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/dmacvicar/libvirt/latest/docs) Terraform provider.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This all isn't too exciting, except that I created a Terraform module that abstracts the Terraform Libvirt provider for my specific scenario [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules/src/commit/e77d62f4a2a0c3847ffef4434c50a0f40f1fa794/debian/main.tf):
|
||||||
|
```terraform
|
||||||
|
module "maestro" {
|
||||||
|
source = "git::https://git.kun.is/home/tf-modules.git//debian"
|
||||||
|
name = "maestro"
|
||||||
|
domain_name = "tf-maestro"
|
||||||
|
memory = 10240
|
||||||
|
mac = "CA:FE:C0:FF:EE:08"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This automatically creates a Debian virtual machines with the properties specified.
|
||||||
|
It also sets up certificate-based SSH authentication which I talked about [before]({% post_url homebrew-ssh-ca/2023-05-23-homebrew-ssh-ca %}).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Clustering
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With virtualization explained, let's move up one level further.
|
||||||
|
Each of my three physical servers hosts a virtual machine running Docker, which together form a Docker Swarm.
|
||||||
|
I use Traefik as a reverse proxy which routes requests to the correct container.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All data is hosted on a single machine and made available to containers using NFS.
|
||||||
|
This might not be very secure (as NFS is not encrypted and no proper authentication), it is quite fast.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As of today, I host the following services on my Docker Swarm [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/shoarma):
|
||||||
|
- [Forgejo](https://forgejo.org/) as Git server
|
||||||
|
- [FreshRSS](https://www.freshrss.org/) as RSS aggregator
|
||||||
|
- [Hedgedoc](https://hedgedoc.org/) as Markdown note-taking
|
||||||
|
- [Inbucket](https://hedgedoc.org/) for disposable email
|
||||||
|
- [Cyberchef](https://cyberchef.org/) for the lulz
|
||||||
|
- [Kitchenowl](https://kitchenowl.org/) for grocery lists
|
||||||
|
- [Mastodon](https://joinmastodon.org/) for microblogging
|
||||||
|
- A monitoring stack (read more below)
|
||||||
|
- [Nextcloud](https://nextcloud.com/) for cloud storage
|
||||||
|
- [Pihole](https://pi-hole.net/) to block advertisements
|
||||||
|
- [Radicale](https://radicale.org/v3.html) for calendar and contacts sync
|
||||||
|
- [Seafile](https://www.seafile.com/en/home/) for cloud storage and sync
|
||||||
|
- [Shephard](https://github.com/containrrr/shepherd) for automatic container updates
|
||||||
|
- [Nginx](https://nginx.org/en/) hosting static content (like this page!)
|
||||||
|
- [Docker Swarm dashboard](https://hub.docker.com/r/charypar/swarm-dashboard/#!)
|
||||||
|
- [Syncthing](https://syncthing.net/) for file sync
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# CI / CD
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For CI / CD, I run [Concourse CI](https://concourse-ci.org/) in a separate VM.
|
||||||
|
This is needed, because Concourse heavily uses containers to create reproducible builds.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Although I should probably use it for more, I currently use my Concourse for three pipelines:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- A pipeline to build this static website and create a container image of it.
|
||||||
|
The image is then uploaded to the image registry of my Forgejo instance.
|
||||||
|
I love it when I can use stuff I previously built :)
|
||||||
|
The pipeline finally deploys this new image to the Docker Swarm [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/pim/static/src/commit/eee4f0c70af6f2a49fabb730df761baa6475db22/pipeline.yml).
|
||||||
|
- A pipeline to create a Concourse resource that sends Apprise alerts (Concourse-ception?) [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/pim/concourse-apprise-notifier/src/commit/b5d4413c1cd432bc856c45ec497a358aca1b8b21/pipeline.yml)
|
||||||
|
- A pipeline to build a custom Fluentd image with plugins installed [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/pim/fluentd)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Backups
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To create backups, I use [Borg](https://www.borgbackup.org/).
|
||||||
|
As I keep all data on one machine, this backup process is quite simple.
|
||||||
|
In fact, all this data is stored in a single Libvirt volume.
|
||||||
|
To configure Borg with a simple declarative script, I use [Borgmatic](https://torsion.org/borgmatic/).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In order to back up the data inside the Libvirt volume, I create a snapshot to a file.
|
||||||
|
Then I can mount this snapshot in my file system.
|
||||||
|
The files can then be backed up while the system is still running.
|
||||||
|
It is also possible to simply back up the Libvirt image, but this takes more time and storage [<i class="fa-solid fa-code-branch"></i>](https://git.kun.is/home/hypervisors/src/commit/71b96d462116e4160b6467533fc476f3deb9c306/ansible/roles/borg/backup.yml.j2).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Monitoring and Alerting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The last topic I would like to talk about is monitoring and alerting.
|
||||||
|
This is something I'm still actively improving and only just set up properly.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Alerting
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For alerting, I wanted something that runs entirely on my own infrastructure.
|
||||||
|
I settled for Apprise + Ntfy.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[Apprise](https://github.com/caronc/apprise) is a server that is able to send notifications to dozens of services.
|
||||||
|
For application developers, it is thus only necessary to implement the Apprise API to gain access to all these services.
|
||||||
|
The Apprise API itself is also very simple.
|
||||||
|
By using Apprise, I can also easily switch to another notification service later.
|
||||||
|
[Ntfy](https://ntfy.sh/) is free software made for mobile push notifications.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I use this alerting system in quite a lot of places in my infrastructure, for example when creating backups.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Uptime Monitoring
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first monitoring setup I created, was using [Uptime Kuma](https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma).
|
||||||
|
Uptime Kuma periodically pings a service to see whether it is still running.
|
||||||
|
You can do a literal ping, test HTTP response codes, check database connectivity and much more.
|
||||||
|
I use it to check whether my services and VMs are online.
|
||||||
|
And the best part is, Uptime Kuma supports Apprise so I get push notifications on my phone whenever something goes down!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Metrics and Log Monitoring
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
A new monitoring system I am still in the process of deploying is focused on metrics and logs.
|
||||||
|
I plan on creating a separate blog post about this, so keep an eye out on that (for example using RSS :)).
|
||||||
|
Safe to say, it is no basic ELK stack!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Conclusion
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
That's it for now!
|
||||||
|
Hopefully I inspired someone to build something... or how not to :)
|
||||||
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/nat.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/nat.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 56 KiB |
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/servers.jpeg
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/servers.jpeg
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 490 KiB |
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/unbound_overrides.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/unbound_overrides.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 31 KiB |
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/vlans.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/infrastructure-snapshot/vlans.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 42 KiB |
17
src/_posts/its-alive/2024-04-21-its-alive.md
Normal file
17
src/_posts/its-alive/2024-04-21-its-alive.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: "It's alive!"
|
||||||
|
date: 2024-04-21 10:02:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: jekyll blog
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Finally, after several months this website is up and running again!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
My homelab has completely changed, but the reason why it initially went offline is because of my failing CI installation.
|
||||||
|
I was using [Concourse CI](https://concourse-ci.org/) which I was initially interested in due to the reproducible nature of its builds using containers.
|
||||||
|
However, for some reason pipelines were sporadically getting stuck when I reboot the virtual machine it was running on.
|
||||||
|
The fix was very annoying: I had to re-create the pipelines manually (which feels very backwards for a CI/CD system!)
|
||||||
|
Additionally, my virtual machine setup back then was also quite fragile and I decided to get rid of that as well.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I have learned that having an escape hatch to deploy something is probably a good idea 😅
|
||||||
|
Expect a new overview of my homelab soon, in the same vein as [this post from last year]({% post_url infrastructure-snapshot/2023-08-13-infrastructure-snapshot %})!
|
||||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
layout: post
|
||||||
|
title: My Experiences with virtio-9p
|
||||||
|
date: 2023-05-31 14:18:00 Europe/Amsterdam
|
||||||
|
categories: libvirt virtio 9p
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When I was scaling up my home lab, I started thinking more about data management.
|
||||||
|
I hadn't (and still haven't) set up any form of network storage.
|
||||||
|
I have, however, set up a backup mechanism using [Borg](https://borgbackup.readthedocs.io/en/stable/).
|
||||||
|
Still, I want to operate lots of virtual machines, and backing up each one of them separately seemed excessive.
|
||||||
|
So I started thinking, what if I just let the host machines back up the data?
|
||||||
|
After all, the amount of physical hosts I have in my home lab is unlikely to increase drastically.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# The Use Case for Sharing Directories
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
I started working out this idea further.
|
||||||
|
Without network storage, I needed a way for guest VMs to access the host's disks.
|
||||||
|
Here there are two possibilities, either expose some block device or a file system.
|
||||||
|
Creating a whole virtual disk for just the data of some VMs seemed wasteful, and from my experiences also increases backup times dramatically.
|
||||||
|
I therefore searched for a way to mount a directory from the host OS on the guest VM.
|
||||||
|
This is when I stumbled upon [this blog](https://rabexc.org/posts/p9-setup-in-libvirt) post talking about sharing directories with virtual machines.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Sharing Directories with virtio-9p
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
virtio-9p is a way to map a directory on the host OS to a special device on the virtual machine.
|
||||||
|
In `virt-manager`, it looks like the following:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Under the hood, virtio-9p uses the 9pnet protocol.
|
||||||
|
Originally developed at Bell Labs, support for this is available in all modern Linux kernels.
|
||||||
|
If you share a directory with a VM, you can then mount it.
|
||||||
|
Below is an extract of my `/etc/fstab` to automatically mount the directory:
|
||||||
|
```text
|
||||||
|
data /mnt/data 9p trans=virtio,rw 0 0
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first argument (`data`) refers to the name you gave this share from the host
|
||||||
|
With the `trans` option we specify that this is a virtio share.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Problems with virtio-9p
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
At first I had no problems with my setup, but I am now contemplating just moving to a network storage based setup because of two problems.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The first problem is that some files have suddenly changed ownership from `libvirt-qemu` to `root`.
|
||||||
|
If the file is owned by `root`, the guest OS can still see it, but cannot access it.
|
||||||
|
I am not entirely sure the problem lies with virtio, but I suspect it is.
|
||||||
|
For anyone experiencing this problem, I wrote a small shell script to revert ownership to the `libvirt-qemu` user:
|
||||||
|
```shell
|
||||||
|
find -printf "%h/%f %u\n" | grep root | cut -d ' ' -f1 | xargs chown libvirt-qemu:libvirt-qemu
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Another problem that I have experienced, is guests being unable to mount the directory at all.
|
||||||
|
I have only experienced this problem once, but it was highly annoying.
|
||||||
|
To fix it, I had to reboot the whole physical machine.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Alternatives
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
virtio-9p seemed like a good idea, but as discussed, I had some problems with it.
|
||||||
|
It seems [virtioFS](https://virtio-fs.gitlab.io/) might be a an interesting alternative as it is designed specifically for sharing directories with VMs.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
As for me, I will probably finally look into deploying network storage either with NFS or SSHFS.
|
||||||
BIN
src/_posts/virtio-9p-experiences/virt-manager.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_posts/virtio-9p-experiences/virt-manager.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
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368
src/_sass/klise/_base.scss
Normal file
368
src/_sass/klise/_base.scss
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|
|
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|
||||||
|
// Reset some basic elements
|
||||||
|
* {
|
||||||
|
-webkit-transition: background-color 75ms ease-in, border-color 75ms ease-in;
|
||||||
|
-moz-transition: background-color 75ms ease-in, border-color 75ms ease-in;
|
||||||
|
-ms-transition: background-color 75ms ease-in, border-color 75ms ease-in;
|
||||||
|
-o-transition: background-color 75ms ease-in, border-color 75ms ease-in;
|
||||||
|
transition: background-color 75ms ease-in, border-color 75ms ease-in;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.notransition {
|
||||||
|
-webkit-transition: none;
|
||||||
|
-moz-transition: none;
|
||||||
|
-ms-transition: none;
|
||||||
|
-o-transition: none;
|
||||||
|
transition: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
html {
|
||||||
|
overflow-x: hidden;
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
body,
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6,
|
||||||
|
p,
|
||||||
|
blockquote,
|
||||||
|
pre,
|
||||||
|
hr,
|
||||||
|
dl,
|
||||||
|
dd,
|
||||||
|
ol,
|
||||||
|
ul,
|
||||||
|
figure {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Basic styling
|
||||||
|
body {
|
||||||
|
min-height: 100vh;
|
||||||
|
overflow-x: hidden;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
color: $text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
background-color: $white;
|
||||||
|
font: $normal-weight #{$base-font-size}/#{$base-line-height} $sans-family;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-font-feature-settings: "kern" 1;
|
||||||
|
-moz-font-feature-settings: "kern" 1;
|
||||||
|
-o-font-feature-settings: "kern" 1;
|
||||||
|
font-feature-settings: "kern" 1;
|
||||||
|
font-kerning: normal;
|
||||||
|
box-sizing: border-box;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Set `margin-bottom` to maintain vertical rhythm
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6,
|
||||||
|
p,
|
||||||
|
blockquote,
|
||||||
|
pre,
|
||||||
|
ul,
|
||||||
|
ol,
|
||||||
|
dl,
|
||||||
|
figure,
|
||||||
|
%vertical-rhythm {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: $spacing-full - 20;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: $spacing-full - 20;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// strong | bold
|
||||||
|
strong,
|
||||||
|
b {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// horizontal rule
|
||||||
|
hr {
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 0;
|
||||||
|
border-style: solid;
|
||||||
|
border-color: $light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// kbd tag
|
||||||
|
kbd {
|
||||||
|
-moz-border-radius: 3px;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-border-radius: 3px;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 2px;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
display: inline-block;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.4;
|
||||||
|
font-family: $mono-family;
|
||||||
|
margin: 0 0.1em;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
padding: 0.01em 0.4em;
|
||||||
|
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 $white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Image
|
||||||
|
img {
|
||||||
|
max-width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
vertical-align: middle;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-user-drag: none;
|
||||||
|
margin: 0 auto;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Figure
|
||||||
|
figure {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Image inside Figure tag
|
||||||
|
figure > img {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Image caption
|
||||||
|
figcaption {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 13px;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// List
|
||||||
|
ul {
|
||||||
|
list-style: none;
|
||||||
|
li {
|
||||||
|
display: list-item;
|
||||||
|
text-align: -webkit-match-parent;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
li::before {
|
||||||
|
content: "\FE63";
|
||||||
|
display: inline-block;
|
||||||
|
top: -1px;
|
||||||
|
width: 1.2em;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: -1.3em;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ol {
|
||||||
|
list-style: none;
|
||||||
|
counter-reset: li;
|
||||||
|
li {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
counter-increment: li;
|
||||||
|
&::before {
|
||||||
|
content: counter(li);
|
||||||
|
display: inline-block;
|
||||||
|
width: 1em;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 0.5em;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: -1.6em;
|
||||||
|
text-align: right;
|
||||||
|
direction: rtl;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ul,
|
||||||
|
ol {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 0;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: $spacing-full;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
li {
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 1px;
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 1px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:before {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> ul,
|
||||||
|
> ol {
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 2px;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Headings
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6 {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
& + ul,
|
||||||
|
& + ol {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 10px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
scroll-margin-top: 65px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Headings with link
|
||||||
|
h1 > a,
|
||||||
|
h2 > a,
|
||||||
|
h3 > a,
|
||||||
|
h4 > a,
|
||||||
|
h5 > a,
|
||||||
|
h6 > a {
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
border: none;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
border: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Link
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: inherit;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration-color: $smoke;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
outline: 3px solid rgba(0, 54, 199, 0.6);
|
||||||
|
outline-offset: 2px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Del
|
||||||
|
del {
|
||||||
|
color: inherit;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Em
|
||||||
|
em {
|
||||||
|
color: inherit;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Blockquotes
|
||||||
|
blockquote {
|
||||||
|
color: $gray;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.9;
|
||||||
|
border-top: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: 10px;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 10px;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1em;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> :last-child {
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 0;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Wrapper
|
||||||
|
.wrapper {
|
||||||
|
max-width: -webkit-calc(#{$narrow-size} - (#{$spacing-full} * 2));
|
||||||
|
max-width: calc(#{$narrow-size} - (#{$spacing-full} * 2));
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: auto;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: auto;
|
||||||
|
padding-right: $spacing-full;
|
||||||
|
padding-left: $spacing-full;
|
||||||
|
@extend %clearfix;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
max-width: -webkit-calc(#{$narrow-size} - (#{$spacing-full}));
|
||||||
|
max-width: calc(#{$narrow-size} - (#{$spacing-full}));
|
||||||
|
padding-right: $spacing-full - 10;
|
||||||
|
padding-left: $spacing-full - 10;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&.blurry {
|
||||||
|
animation: 0.2s ease-in forwards blur;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-animation: 0.2s ease-in forwards blur;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Underline
|
||||||
|
u {
|
||||||
|
text-decoration-color: #d2c7c7;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Small
|
||||||
|
small {
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Superscript
|
||||||
|
sup {
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 10%;
|
||||||
|
top: -3px;
|
||||||
|
left: 2px;
|
||||||
|
font-size: small;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 2px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Table
|
||||||
|
.overflow-table {
|
||||||
|
overflow-x: auto;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
table {
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: $spacing-half;
|
||||||
|
border-collapse: collapse;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
thead {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
th,
|
||||||
|
td,
|
||||||
|
tr {
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
padding: 2px 7px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Clearfix
|
||||||
|
%clearfix:after {
|
||||||
|
content: "";
|
||||||
|
display: table;
|
||||||
|
clear: both;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// When mouse block a text set this color
|
||||||
|
mark,
|
||||||
|
::selection {
|
||||||
|
background: #fffba0;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Github Gist clear border
|
||||||
|
.gist {
|
||||||
|
table {
|
||||||
|
border: 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
tr,
|
||||||
|
td {
|
||||||
|
border: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
247
src/_sass/klise/_dark.scss
Normal file
247
src/_sass/klise/_dark.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
|
||||||
|
body[data-theme="dark"] {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
background-color: $dark-black;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Heading
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6 {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Table
|
||||||
|
table {
|
||||||
|
thead {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
th,
|
||||||
|
td,
|
||||||
|
tr {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post
|
||||||
|
.page-content {
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover,
|
||||||
|
&:active,
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h3 {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6 {
|
||||||
|
.anchor-head {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Syntax
|
||||||
|
code {
|
||||||
|
&.highlighter-rouge {
|
||||||
|
background-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// kbd tag
|
||||||
|
kbd {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
text-shadow: 0 1px 0 $dark-black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// horizontal rule
|
||||||
|
hr {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post Meta
|
||||||
|
.post-meta {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-gray;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
time {
|
||||||
|
&::after {
|
||||||
|
background-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
span[itemprop="author"] {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Link
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: inherit;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration-color: $dark-smoke;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
outline-color: rgba(255, 82, 119, 0.6);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// List
|
||||||
|
li {
|
||||||
|
&:before {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Blockquote
|
||||||
|
blockquote {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-gray;
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Strong, Bold
|
||||||
|
strong,
|
||||||
|
b {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Navbar
|
||||||
|
.navbar {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
.menu {
|
||||||
|
a#mode {
|
||||||
|
.mode-sunny {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.mode-moon {
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-link {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
background-color: $dark-black;
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-icon {
|
||||||
|
> svg {
|
||||||
|
fill: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
input[type="checkbox"]:checked ~ .trigger {
|
||||||
|
background: $dark-black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post Item
|
||||||
|
.post-item {
|
||||||
|
&:not(:first-child) {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-item-date {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.post-item-title {
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover,
|
||||||
|
&focus {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post Navigation
|
||||||
|
.post-nav {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-nav-item {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-title {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.9;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover,
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
.post-title {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.nav-arrow {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-gray;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
.post-nav-item:nth-child(even) {
|
||||||
|
border-color: $dark-light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Footer
|
||||||
|
.footer {
|
||||||
|
span.footer_item {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
a.footer_item:not(:last-child) {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.footer_copyright {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-gray;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// 404 Page
|
||||||
|
.not-found {
|
||||||
|
.title {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
text-shadow: 1px 0px 0px $dark-text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.phrase {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.solution {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.solution:hover {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.search-article {
|
||||||
|
input[type="search"] {
|
||||||
|
color: $dark-text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
&::-webkit-input-placeholder {
|
||||||
|
color: rgba(128,128,128,0.8);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
1
src/_sass/klise/_fonts.scss
Normal file
1
src/_sass/klise/_fonts.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
@charset "utf-8";
|
||||||
380
src/_sass/klise/_layout.scss
Normal file
380
src/_sass/klise/_layout.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
|
||||||
|
// Navbar
|
||||||
|
.navbar {
|
||||||
|
height: auto;
|
||||||
|
max-width: calc(#{$wide-size} - (#{$spacing-full} * 2));
|
||||||
|
max-width: -webkit-calc(#{$wide-size} - (#{$spacing-full} * 2));
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: auto;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: auto;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
padding: $spacing-full - 15px $spacing-full;
|
||||||
|
@extend %clearfix;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Navigation
|
||||||
|
.menu {
|
||||||
|
user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
-ms-user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a#mode {
|
||||||
|
float: left;
|
||||||
|
left: 8px;
|
||||||
|
top: 6px;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
clear: both;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-transform: scale(1, 1);
|
||||||
|
transform: scale(1, 1);
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.7;
|
||||||
|
z-index: 1;
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
cursor: pointer;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
&:active {
|
||||||
|
-webkit-transform: scale(0.9, 0.9);
|
||||||
|
transform: scale(0.9, 0.9);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.mode-moon {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
line {
|
||||||
|
stroke: $black;
|
||||||
|
fill: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
circle {
|
||||||
|
fill: $black;
|
||||||
|
stroke: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.mode-sunny {
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
line {
|
||||||
|
stroke: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
fill: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
circle {
|
||||||
|
fill: none;
|
||||||
|
stroke: $dark-white;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.trigger {
|
||||||
|
float: right;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-trigger {
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-icon {
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-link {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
line-height: $base-line-height + 0.4;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
padding: 5px 8px;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.7;
|
||||||
|
letter-spacing: 0.3px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:not(:last-child) {
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 5px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&.rss {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
bottom: -3px;
|
||||||
|
outline: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.8;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-link.active {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 600;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
position: fixed;
|
||||||
|
top: 0;
|
||||||
|
left: 0;
|
||||||
|
right: 0;
|
||||||
|
z-index: 2;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
height: 50px;
|
||||||
|
background-color: $white;
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a#mode {
|
||||||
|
left: 10px;
|
||||||
|
top: 12px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-icon {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
position: absolute;
|
||||||
|
right: 0;
|
||||||
|
width: 50px;
|
||||||
|
height: 23px;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 13px;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 15px;
|
||||||
|
cursor: pointer;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
z-index: 1;
|
||||||
|
> svg {
|
||||||
|
fill: $black;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.7;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
> svg {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
&:active {
|
||||||
|
-webkit-transform: scale(0.9, 0.9);
|
||||||
|
transform: scale(0.9, 0.9);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
input[type="checkbox"]:not(:checked) ~ .trigger {
|
||||||
|
clear: both;
|
||||||
|
visibility: hidden;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
input[type="checkbox"]:checked ~ .trigger {
|
||||||
|
position: fixed;
|
||||||
|
animation: 0.2s ease-in forwards fadein;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-animation: 0.2s ease-in forwards fadein;
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
flex-direction: row;
|
||||||
|
justify-content: center;
|
||||||
|
align-items: center;
|
||||||
|
background-color: $white;
|
||||||
|
height: 100vh;
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
top: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.menu-link {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
box-sizing: border-box;
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1.1em;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:not(:last-child) {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding: 2px 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Author
|
||||||
|
.author {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 6.3rem;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 7.2rem;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 3em;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.author-avatar {
|
||||||
|
width: 70px;
|
||||||
|
height: 70px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 100%;
|
||||||
|
user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
// background-color: $black;
|
||||||
|
-ms-user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-user-select: none;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-animation: 0.5s ease-in forwards fadein;
|
||||||
|
animation: 0.5s ease-in forwards fadein;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.author-name {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1.7em;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 2px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.author-bio {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0 auto;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.9;
|
||||||
|
max-width: 393px;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.688;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Content
|
||||||
|
.posts-item-note {
|
||||||
|
font-size: $base-font-size;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 5px;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// List of posts
|
||||||
|
.post-item {
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 5px;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 6px;
|
||||||
|
@extend %clearfix;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:not(:first-child) {
|
||||||
|
border-top: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-item-date {
|
||||||
|
min-width: 96px;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
padding-right: 10px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 16px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-item-title {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
border: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding: 0;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $base-font-size;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: normal;
|
||||||
|
letter-spacing: 0.1px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover,
|
||||||
|
&focus {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Footer
|
||||||
|
.footer {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 8em;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 2em;
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 3em;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
span.footer_item {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.8;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
a.footer_item {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.8;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:not(:last-child) {
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 10px;
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.footer_copyright {
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size - 1;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 3px;
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
color: $gray;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.8;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.not-found {
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
justify-content: center;
|
||||||
|
flex-direction: column;
|
||||||
|
height: 75vh;
|
||||||
|
.title {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 5em;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.1;
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
text-shadow: 1px 0px 0px $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.phrase {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.solution {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
.solution:hover {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.search-article {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 50px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
label[for="search-input"] {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
top: 10px;
|
||||||
|
left: 11px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
input[type="search"] {
|
||||||
|
top: 0;
|
||||||
|
left: 0;
|
||||||
|
border: 0;
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
height: 40px;
|
||||||
|
outline: none;
|
||||||
|
position: absolute;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 5px;
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px 10px 10px 35px;
|
||||||
|
color: $text-base-color;
|
||||||
|
-webkit-appearance: none;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $base-font-size;
|
||||||
|
background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
|
||||||
|
&::-webkit-input-placeholder {
|
||||||
|
color: #808080;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
&::-webkit-search-decoration,
|
||||||
|
&::-webkit-search-results-decoration {
|
||||||
|
display: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
#search-results {
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
li {
|
||||||
|
text-align: left;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.archive-tags {
|
||||||
|
height: auto;
|
||||||
|
.tag-item {
|
||||||
|
padding: 1px 3px;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 2px;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
|
||||||
|
background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.1);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
41
src/_sass/klise/_miscellaneous.scss
Normal file
41
src/_sass/klise/_miscellaneous.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
|
||||||
|
// Animation fade-in
|
||||||
|
@keyframes fadein {
|
||||||
|
0% {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.2;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
100% {
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.8;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Animation blur
|
||||||
|
@keyframes blur {
|
||||||
|
0% {
|
||||||
|
filter: blur(0px);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
100% {
|
||||||
|
filter: blur(4px);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Responsive embed video
|
||||||
|
.embed-responsive {
|
||||||
|
height: 0;
|
||||||
|
max-width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
overflow: hidden;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 20px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
iframe,
|
||||||
|
object,
|
||||||
|
embed {
|
||||||
|
top: 0;
|
||||||
|
left: 0;
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
height: 100%;
|
||||||
|
position: absolute;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
261
src/_sass/klise/_post.scss
Normal file
261
src/_sass/klise/_post.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
|
||||||
|
// Post wrapper
|
||||||
|
.wrapper.post {
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
padding-left: $spacing-half;
|
||||||
|
padding-right: $spacing-half;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post title
|
||||||
|
.header {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 7.8em;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 3em;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.tags {
|
||||||
|
margin-left: 3px;
|
||||||
|
letter-spacing: 0.5px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.tag {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size - 2;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.header-title {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 2em;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.2;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 10px;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 20px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&.center {
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
font-size: 1.9em;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post meta
|
||||||
|
.post-meta {
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 3px;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.3;
|
||||||
|
color: $gray;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
time {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 1.5em;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&::after {
|
||||||
|
background: $light;
|
||||||
|
bottom: 1px;
|
||||||
|
content: " ";
|
||||||
|
height: 2px;
|
||||||
|
position: absolute;
|
||||||
|
right: -20px;
|
||||||
|
width: 12px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
span[itemprop="author"] {
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px dotted $light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Post content
|
||||||
|
.page-content {
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 8px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
iframe {
|
||||||
|
text-align: center;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
figure {
|
||||||
|
img {
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 2px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
figcaption {
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 5px;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
a {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
&[target="_blank"]::after {
|
||||||
|
content: " \2197";
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 0;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
bottom: 5px;
|
||||||
|
vertical-align: baseline;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> p {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding-top: $spacing-full - 15;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: $spacing-full - 15;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ul.task-list {
|
||||||
|
list-style: none;
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
li::before {
|
||||||
|
content: "";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
li input[type="checkbox"] {
|
||||||
|
margin-right: 10px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
dl dt {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h1,
|
||||||
|
h2,
|
||||||
|
h3,
|
||||||
|
h4,
|
||||||
|
h5,
|
||||||
|
h6 {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: $spacing-full;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover {
|
||||||
|
.anchor-head {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.anchor-head {
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0;
|
||||||
|
outline: none;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&::before {
|
||||||
|
content: "#";
|
||||||
|
position: absolute;
|
||||||
|
right: -3px;
|
||||||
|
width: 1em;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h1 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(1.5);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h2 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(1.375);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h3 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(1.25);
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 4px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h4 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(1.25);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h5 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(1);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h6 {
|
||||||
|
@include relative-font-size(0.875);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-nav {
|
||||||
|
display: flex;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
margin-top: 5em;
|
||||||
|
border-top: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.4;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-nav-item {
|
||||||
|
border-bottom: 0;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $bold-weight;
|
||||||
|
padding-bottom: 10px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-title {
|
||||||
|
color: $black;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:hover,
|
||||||
|
&:focus {
|
||||||
|
.post-title {
|
||||||
|
color: $text-link-blue-active;
|
||||||
|
opacity: 0.9;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.nav-arrow {
|
||||||
|
font-weight: $normal-weight;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
color: $gray;
|
||||||
|
margin-bottom: 3px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
width: 50%;
|
||||||
|
padding-top: 10px;
|
||||||
|
text-decoration: none;
|
||||||
|
box-sizing: border-box;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:nth-child(odd) {
|
||||||
|
padding-left: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding-right: 20px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&:nth-child(even) {
|
||||||
|
text-align: right;
|
||||||
|
padding-right: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding-left: 20px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
font-size: $small-font-size;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-nav-item {
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-nav-item:nth-child(even) {
|
||||||
|
border-left: 0;
|
||||||
|
padding-left: 0;
|
||||||
|
border-top: 1px solid $light;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.post-updated-at {
|
||||||
|
font-family: "Ubuntu mono", "monospace";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
185
src/_sass/klise/_syntax.scss
Normal file
185
src/_sass/klise/_syntax.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
|
||||||
|
// Code
|
||||||
|
code {
|
||||||
|
font-family: $mono-family;
|
||||||
|
text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
|
||||||
|
font-feature-settings: "calt" 1;
|
||||||
|
font-variant-ligatures: normal;
|
||||||
|
white-space: pre;
|
||||||
|
word-spacing: normal;
|
||||||
|
word-break: normal;
|
||||||
|
word-wrap: normal;
|
||||||
|
font-size: inherit;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
&.highlighter-rouge {
|
||||||
|
padding: 1px 3px;
|
||||||
|
position: relative;
|
||||||
|
top: -1px;
|
||||||
|
background-color: #f6f6f6;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 2px;
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid rgba(128,128,128,0.1);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Codeblock Theme
|
||||||
|
pre.highlight, pre {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0 -27px;
|
||||||
|
@include media-query($on-mobile) {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0 calc(51% - 51vw);
|
||||||
|
padding-left: 20px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
border: 1px solid rgba(128,128,128,0.1);
|
||||||
|
background-color: #1a1b21;
|
||||||
|
border-radius: 2px;
|
||||||
|
padding: 10px;
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
overflow-x: auto;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> code {
|
||||||
|
width: 100%;
|
||||||
|
max-width: 50rem;
|
||||||
|
margin-left: auto;
|
||||||
|
margin-right: auto;
|
||||||
|
line-height: 1.5;
|
||||||
|
display: block;
|
||||||
|
border: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight table td {
|
||||||
|
padding: 5px;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight table pre {
|
||||||
|
margin: 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .w {
|
||||||
|
color: #fbf1c7;
|
||||||
|
// background-color: #1a1b21;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .err {
|
||||||
|
color: #fb4934;
|
||||||
|
// background-color: #1a1b21;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: bold;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .c,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .cd,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .cm,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .c1,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .cs {
|
||||||
|
color: #928374;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .cp {
|
||||||
|
color: #8ec07c;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .nt {
|
||||||
|
color: #fb4934;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .o,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .ow {
|
||||||
|
color: #fbf1c7;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .p,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .pi {
|
||||||
|
color: #fbf1c7;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .gi {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
background-color: #282828;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .gd {
|
||||||
|
color: #fb4934;
|
||||||
|
background-color: #282828;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .gh {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
font-weight: bold;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .k,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kn,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kp,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kr,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kv {
|
||||||
|
color: #fb4934;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kc {
|
||||||
|
color: #d3869b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kt {
|
||||||
|
color: #fabd2f;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .kd {
|
||||||
|
color: #fe8019;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .s,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sb,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sc,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sd,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .s2,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sh,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sx,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .s1 {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .si {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .sr {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
font-style: italic;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .se {
|
||||||
|
color: #fe8019;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .nn {
|
||||||
|
color: #8ec07c;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .nc {
|
||||||
|
color: #8ec07c;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .no {
|
||||||
|
color: #d3869b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .na {
|
||||||
|
color: #b8bb26;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .m,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mf,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mh,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mi,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .il,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mo,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mb,
|
||||||
|
.highlight .mx {
|
||||||
|
color: #d3869b;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.highlight .ss {
|
||||||
|
color: #83a598;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
63
src/_sass/main.scss
Normal file
63
src/_sass/main.scss
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
||||||
|
// Fonts preferences
|
||||||
|
$sans-family: Roboto, sans-serif;
|
||||||
|
$mono-family: Consolas, monospace;
|
||||||
|
$base-font-size: 16px;
|
||||||
|
$medium-font-size: $base-font-size * 0.938;
|
||||||
|
$small-font-size: $base-font-size * 0.875;
|
||||||
|
$base-line-height: 1.85;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Font weight
|
||||||
|
// $light-weight: 300; // uncomment if necessary
|
||||||
|
$normal-weight: 400;
|
||||||
|
$bold-weight: 700;
|
||||||
|
// $black-weight: 900; // uncomment if necessary
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
//Light Colors
|
||||||
|
$text-base-color: #434648;
|
||||||
|
$text-link-blue: #003fff;
|
||||||
|
$text-link-blue-active: #0036c7;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$black: #0d122b;
|
||||||
|
$light: #ececec;
|
||||||
|
$smoke: #d2c7c7;
|
||||||
|
$gray: #6b7886;
|
||||||
|
$white: #fff;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Dark Colors
|
||||||
|
$dark-text-base-color: #c7bebe;
|
||||||
|
$dark-text-link-blue: #ff5277;
|
||||||
|
$dark-text-link-blue-active: #ff2957;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$dark-black: #131418;
|
||||||
|
$dark-white: #eaeaea;
|
||||||
|
$dark-light: #1b1d25;
|
||||||
|
$dark-smoke: #4a4d56;
|
||||||
|
$dark-gray: #767f87;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Width of the content area
|
||||||
|
$wide-size: 890px;
|
||||||
|
$narrow-size: 720px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Padding unit
|
||||||
|
$spacing-full: 30px;
|
||||||
|
$spacing-half: $spacing-full / 2;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// State of devices
|
||||||
|
$on-mobile: 768px;
|
||||||
|
$on-tablet: 769px;
|
||||||
|
$on-desktop: 1024px;
|
||||||
|
$on-widescreen: 1152px;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@mixin media-query($device) {
|
||||||
|
@media screen and (max-width: $device) {
|
||||||
|
@content;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@mixin relative-font-size($ratio) {
|
||||||
|
font-size: $base-font-size * $ratio;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Import sass files
|
||||||
|
@import "klise/fonts", "klise/base", "klise/layout", "klise/post",
|
||||||
|
"klise/miscellaneous", "klise/syntax", "klise/dark";
|
||||||
1
src/_site/404.html
Normal file
1
src/_site/404.html
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
1
src/_site/about/index.html
Normal file
1
src/_site/about/index.html
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
18
src/_site/ansible-edit-grub/index.html
Normal file
18
src/_site/ansible-edit-grub/index.html
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
1
src/_site/archive/index.html
Normal file
1
src/_site/archive/index.html
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
6
src/_site/assets/css/fontawesome.all.min.css
vendored
Normal file
6
src/_site/assets/css/fontawesome.all.min.css
vendored
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
3
src/_site/assets/css/style.css
Normal file
3
src/_site/assets/css/style.css
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
28
src/_site/assets/css/style.css.map
Normal file
28
src/_site/assets/css/style.css.map
Normal file
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 75 KiB |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-384x384.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-384x384.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 217 KiB |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-512x512.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/android-chrome-512x512.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 415 KiB |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 67 KiB |
9
src/_site/assets/favicons/browserconfig.xml
Normal file
9
src/_site/assets/favicons/browserconfig.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
|
||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
||||||
|
<browserconfig>
|
||||||
|
<msapplication>
|
||||||
|
<tile>
|
||||||
|
<square150x150logo src="/mstile-150x150.png"/>
|
||||||
|
<TileColor>#603cba</TileColor>
|
||||||
|
</tile>
|
||||||
|
</msapplication>
|
||||||
|
</browserconfig>
|
||||||
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon-16x16.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon-16x16.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 940 B |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon-32x32.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon-32x32.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 3 KiB |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon.ico
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/favicon.ico
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 15 KiB |
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/mstile-150x150.png
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/favicons/mstile-150x150.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 34 KiB |
25
src/_site/assets/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg
Normal file
25
src/_site/assets/favicons/safari-pinned-tab.svg
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
||||||
|
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?>
|
||||||
|
<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 20010904//EN"
|
||||||
|
"http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-SVG-20010904/DTD/svg10.dtd">
|
||||||
|
<svg version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
|
||||||
|
width="500.000000pt" height="500.000000pt" viewBox="0 0 500.000000 500.000000"
|
||||||
|
preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet">
|
||||||
|
<metadata>
|
||||||
|
Created by potrace 1.11, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2013
|
||||||
|
</metadata>
|
||||||
|
<g transform="translate(0.000000,500.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)"
|
||||||
|
fill="#000000" stroke="none">
|
||||||
|
<path d="M2230 4984 c-106 -12 -129 -16 -230 -35 -89 -17 -92 -17 -201 -50
|
||||||
|
-296 -87 -565 -225 -829 -423 -108 -81 -329 -297 -412 -401 -198 -252 -372
|
||||||
|
-577 -448 -840 -26 -93 -59 -223 -65 -260 -4 -22 -9 -52 -11 -66 -22 -127 -31
|
||||||
|
-269 -29 -454 2 -115 5 -219 8 -230 2 -11 8 -42 11 -70 12 -82 16 -106 37
|
||||||
|
-200 12 -49 22 -94 23 -100 10 -45 76 -238 107 -314 125 -299 301 -562 539
|
||||||
|
-801 358 -361 775 -585 1280 -691 97 -20 128 -25 260 -39 80 -8 475 -6 500 3
|
||||||
|
8 3 34 8 58 11 109 15 134 19 234 41 276 62 582 193 820 353 474 318 826 783
|
||||||
|
998 1319 31 97 36 114 46 163 3 14 9 41 14 60 39 151 55 312 55 550 -1 242
|
||||||
|
-22 415 -79 635 -16 62 -28 103 -36 120 -5 11 -13 36 -19 55 -54 203 -267 576
|
||||||
|
-452 795 -37 44 -224 232 -281 282 -68 60 -234 180 -326 237 -97 59 -352 186
|
||||||
|
-375 186 -7 0 -17 4 -22 9 -25 22 -319 108 -435 126 -25 4 -52 9 -60 10 -8 1
|
||||||
|
-37 6 -65 9 -27 4 -66 9 -85 12 -75 12 -429 11 -530 -2z"/>
|
||||||
|
</g>
|
||||||
|
</svg>
|
||||||
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 1.4 KiB |
1
src/_site/assets/favicons/site.webmanifest
Normal file
1
src/_site/assets/favicons/site.webmanifest
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
{"name":"","short_name":"","icons":[{"src":"/android-chrome-192x192.png","sizes":"192x192","type":"image/png"},{"src":"/android-chrome-512x512.png","sizes":"512x512","type":"image/png"}],"theme_color":"#ffffff","background_color":"#ffffff","display":"standalone"}
|
||||||
BIN
src/_site/assets/img/avatar.jpg
Normal file
BIN
src/_site/assets/img/avatar.jpg
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 63 KiB |
1
src/_site/assets/js/disqus.js
Normal file
1
src/_site/assets/js/disqus.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1 @@
|
||||||
|
!function(t,e,n){"use strict";var o=function(t,e){var n,o;return function(){var i=this,r=arguments,d=+new Date;n&&d<n+t?(clearTimeout(o),o=setTimeout(function(){n=d,e.apply(i,r)},t)):(n=d,e.apply(i,r))}},i=!1,r=!1,d=!1,s=!1,a="unloaded",u=!1,l=function(){if(!u||!e.body.contains(u)||"loaded"==u.disqusLoaderStatus)return!0;var n,o,i=t.pageYOffset,l=(n=u,o=n.getBoundingClientRect(),{top:o.top+e.body.scrollTop,left:o.left+e.body.scrollLeft}).top;if(l-i>t.innerHeight*r||i-l-u.offsetHeight-t.innerHeight*r>0)return!0;var c,f,p,y=e.getElementById("disqus_thread");y&&y.removeAttribute("id"),u.setAttribute("id","disqus_thread"),u.disqusLoaderStatus="loaded","loaded"==a?DISQUS.reset({reload:!0,config:d}):(t.disqus_config=d,"unloaded"==a&&(a="loading",c=s,f=function(){a="loaded"},(p=e.createElement("script")).src=c,p.async=!0,p.setAttribute("data-timestamp",+new Date),p.addEventListener("load",function(){"function"==typeof f&&f()}),(e.head||e.body).appendChild(p)))};t.addEventListener("scroll",o(i,l)),t.addEventListener("resize",o(i,l)),t.disqusLoader=function(t,n){n=function(t,e){var n,o={};for(n in t)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,n)&&(o[n]=t[n]);for(n in e)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,n)&&(o[n]=e[n]);return o}({laziness:1,throttle:250,scriptUrl:!1,disqusConfig:!1},n),r=n.laziness+1,i=n.throttle,d=n.disqusConfig,s=!1===s?n.scriptUrl:s,(u="string"==typeof t?e.querySelector(t):"number"==typeof t.length?t[0]:t)&&(u.disqusLoaderStatus="unloaded"),l()}}(window,document);
|
||||||
31
src/_site/assets/js/main.js
Normal file
31
src/_site/assets/js/main.js
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||||
|
(() => {
|
||||||
|
// Theme switch
|
||||||
|
const body = document.body;
|
||||||
|
const lamp = document.getElementById("mode");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
const toggleTheme = (state) => {
|
||||||
|
if (state === "dark") {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", "light");
|
||||||
|
body.removeAttribute("data-theme");
|
||||||
|
} else if (state === "light") {
|
||||||
|
localStorage.setItem("theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
body.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark");
|
||||||
|
} else {
|
||||||
|
initTheme(state);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
lamp.addEventListener("click", () =>
|
||||||
|
toggleTheme(localStorage.getItem("theme"))
|
||||||
|
);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
// Blur the content when the menu is open
|
||||||
|
const cbox = document.getElementById("menu-trigger");
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
cbox.addEventListener("change", function () {
|
||||||
|
const area = document.querySelector(".wrapper");
|
||||||
|
this.checked
|
||||||
|
? area.classList.add("blurry")
|
||||||
|
: area.classList.remove("blurry");
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
})();
|
||||||
6
src/_site/assets/js/search.min.js
vendored
Normal file
6
src/_site/assets/js/search.min.js
vendored
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
|
||||||
|
/*!
|
||||||
|
* Simple-Jekyll-Search
|
||||||
|
* Copyright 2015-2020, Christian Fei
|
||||||
|
* Licensed under the MIT License.
|
||||||
|
*/
|
||||||
|
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|
||||||
75
src/_site/assets/search.json
Normal file
75
src/_site/assets/search.json
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
|
||||||
|
[
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "It's alive!",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//its-alive/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2024-04-21 10:02:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Home Lab Infrastructure Snapshot August 2023",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//infrastructure-snapshot/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-08-27 22:23:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Hashicorp's License Change and my Home Lab - Update",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//hashicorp-license-change/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-08-17 18:15:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Monitoring Correct Memory Usage in Fluent Bit",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//fluent-bit-memory/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-08-09 16:19:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Error Handling in Borgmatic",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//backup-failure/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-08-08 11:51:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Using Ansible to alter Kernel Parameters",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//ansible-edit-grub/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-06-19 09:31:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Sending Apprise Notifications from Concourse CI",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//concourse-apprise-notifier/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-06-14 23:39:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "My Experiences with virtio-9p",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//virtio-9p-experiences/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-05-31 14:18:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
} ,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
"title" : "Homebrew SSH Certificate Authority for the Terraform Libvirt Provider",
|
||||||
|
"description" : "",
|
||||||
|
"tags" : "",
|
||||||
|
"url" : "//homebrew-ssh-ca/",
|
||||||
|
"date" : "2023-05-23 11:14:00 +0200"
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
]
|
||||||
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src/_site/assets/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf
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src/_site/assets/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2
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src/_site/assets/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf
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src/_site/assets/webfonts/fa-v4compatibility.ttf
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src/_site/assets/webfonts/fa-v4compatibility.ttf
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Reference in a new issue